The ShakeAlert early warning system adds real-time satellite data to improve earthquake detection

The scientists said the satellite data would lead to faster notifications for people to take protective measures, such as “drop, cover, and wait” before an earthquake strikes.

SEATTLE — The U.S. Geological Survey (WSGS) announced Wednesday that its ShakeAlert system, which alerts the public before an earthquake begins, will add real-time satellite data to improve early detection warnings.

In addition to the more than 1,500 seismic sensors used to detect ground shaking, the ShakeAlert system will use sensors that detect ground surface movement via satellite.

The system's new capability will use data from Global Navigation Satellite System sensors in real time, improving scientists' ability to quickly and accurately determine the magnitude and area of ​​shaking caused by large earthquakes, WSGS said in a statement. This, in turn, will send faster notifications for people to take preventative actions, such as “drop, cover and wait.”

The ShakeAlert system, currently available in California, Oregon and Washington, can protect people and infrastructure by sending alerts to cell phones and triggering automatic actions such as slowing trains to prevent derailments, opening firehouse doors so they don't slam shut, and closing valves. To protect water systems, according to WSGS.

The ShakeAlert system has been available since May 2021.

“But when the earthquakes get really big, it turns out that the seismometers aren't good enough, they only detect the tremors,” said Harold Tobin, director of the Pacific Northwest Seismic Network. You know, the map in your phone or your car, what we can do is find out literally how much the Earth is displaced and how much the Earth is moving. This is a fault slip in an earthquake. And these GPS measurements are something we can use to know that there's a big earthquake happening more accurately and quickly. So we're concerned about, for example, the megaloblast here in the Northwest. This GPS technology will make our early warnings better and faster for these large earthquakes.

Tobin said alerts will go live when an earthquake of magnitude 5.0 or greater is predicted, or when shaking is expected to be harmful.

“Early warning, you know, 10 or 20 seconds or half a minute, doesn't sound like a lot, but in reality, that's enough to make you do things differently than you would have done otherwise. People tend to panic,” Tobin said. When they feel shaking without warning. “But if you get that early warning, and it tells you to drop cover and wait, you can pause. It's going to be an earthquake in a few seconds. What do I do? Maybe go under that table or stay away from the windows in the room. That kind of thing can really save you from injuries and even Saves your life.

According to WSGS, construction of ShakeAlert's seismic sensors will be completed by the end of this year. There will be a network of 2,000 ShakeAlert stations throughout Washington, California and Oregon.

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