The study indicates that underground nuclear tests can be hidden inside the earthquake signals

Targeted sources sites, back earthquakes, and NVAR seismic seismic sites sites. (A) Source of an explosion [DAG]‐4) (37.115 °. (B) The 11 elements that make up the NVAR, which is published by 250 km from the DAG -4 explosion. Credit: The American Seismological Association Bulletin (2025). Doi: 10.1785/0120250038

Could the seismic signal of the underground nuclear test explosion be “hidden” with a signal from a natural earthquake?

It is possible, according to a new article for the review published in the American Earthquake Association, which contradicts the traditional wisdom of “hiding” the explosion.

The new analysis by Joshua Karmichel and his colleagues at the Los Olaos National Laboratory found that advanced signal detector technology that could determine a 1.7 -tons buried explosion with a 97 % success rate with a success rate of only 37 % when Seismic signals from this explosion are hidden.

Carmeichel said that the overwhelming wave shapes of the explosion and earthquake “outperform the ability to detect the most sensitive digital signals that we have to determine.”

Experts can lead to a review of the 2012 report that concluded that earthquake signals could not cover up the explosion signals. Hide the potential explosion due to natural seismic signals is a source of concern for the community of scientists accused of monitoring nuclear tests around the world.

In North Korea, which has conducted six nuclear tests over the past twenty years, an increase in regional seismic tools shows that “there has been a lot of low earthquakes in the vicinity of test sites more than we realized at first.”

The new results indicate that “the backward earthquakes in the areas where there are any type of earthquakes will ever have significantly reduce and significantly reduce the possibility that we can discover signals from an underground explosion at a test site,” he added.

The researchers also found that the natural signals of earthquakes or other seismic events can be similarly hidden through overlapping wave shapes. In this case, the impact of the reservation from 92 % detection decreased to the detection rate by 16 %.

(A) The earthquake scheme that records the wave shapes obtained through the backward earthquakes in 2400 seconds after January 7, 2019 at 06:45:39 (UTC), which leads to the degree of F-Detector in four distinct times (sky blue lines). Sources of references are identical to the times of the indexing events that determine the eastern Body site, California. ) (C) Explains the output data flow of the resulting complex (orange box) overlap between the earthquake and the wave explosion at the NV11 station. Credit: The American Seismological Association Bulletin (2025). Doi: 10.1785/0120250038

“This might mean that we may reduce a lot of low -sized earthquakes that are obtained during a swarm or shock sequence.” “In other words, we can reduce the number of earthquakes that occur in these secrets or in the sequences of some tremors.”

It was difficult to test the conviction of the explosion because there are little bangs to be examined, and a very small number of data collections that contain both the explosion and natural seismic signals.

One way to analyze the potential effect is to simulate the explosion data, but Carmeichel said that there is a “very large number of unknown” with high -echo signals to create an earthquake that is accurately represented by relatively small explosions at a distance.

Instead, he and his colleagues used a technique that derives from the data collected on natural explosions and earthquakes at the National Security site in Nevada.

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Carmeichel said the researchers had developed a way to expand the scope of the explosion data, “so that it mimics the forms of waves recorded from smaller explosions.” Then this explosive data is “injection”.

Carmeichel said this technique creates a dense set of data that allowed researchers to test that natural earthquakes cannot hide explosion signals.

Researchers depend on multiple factors in addition to seismic signals as part of nuclear test control, looking for other confirmation evidence such as the presence of some radioactive offices in the atmosphere. The simultaneous earthquake is not enough to hide a completely explosion event.

But the new study provides “at least a recipe” on how to calculate the possibility of discovering the explosion from seismic signals, so that this information can be used with other monitoring tools, Carmeichel said.

More information: Joshua D. Carmichael et al, low detection of hidden signals by earthquakes: Case studies with lights detection devices operating in seismic matcrations, American Seismological Association Bulletin (2025). Doi: 10.1785/0120250038

It was presented by the American Seismology Association

Quote: Underground nuclear test explosions can be hidden inside the earthquake signals. The study indicates (2025, April 24). It was recovered on April 24, 2025 from https://phys.org/news

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