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Master Earthquake monitoring where it occurs

Master Earthquake monitoring where it occurs


To study how the earthquakes start and spread and stop, a new side tunnel was built in Bedrettolab in ETH Zurich. It is a monitoring center for a mistake and equipped with many sensors and tools, and it is a unique facility in the world. Swiss seismic service (SED) is involved in ETH Zurich in both research and seismic activity.

Eth Zurich built a 120 -meter side tunnel in Bedrettolb, an underground research facility in Tesino (Switzerland). This new tunnel works in parallel with carefully selected natural rift. Thanks to this specific location, researchers can study in detail how the earthquake begins at one point along an error and then spreads until it runs out of energy. Using specialized equipment, the European Research Union includes SED to study how defects move to better understand earthquakes – and may predict them -. The project behind this initiative, called stimulating faults and rupture of the earthquake (fear), was funded by the European Research Council for 14 million euros. It aims to answer two basic and unlimited questions in seismology: what happens immediately before the start of the earthquake, and what makes it stop. The researchers hope that the answer to these questions will help push the boundaries of the earthquake.

A unique observatory on errors

To study earthquakes in its source, the fear team dug many wells. Most of them are to monitor operations in the rock. Others to inject water and urge small earthquakes. It is equipped with a wide range of sensors and together forms a new monitoring network on errors. The sensors are sensitive enough to detect smaller earthquakes as much as they size -5 and will also measure other parameters such as fluid pressure in fractures, stress changes, and more. During widespread stimulus experiments, the team is now preparing, hundreds of cubic meters of water are injected into the rift area when high pressure. The excessive pressure of fluids reduces the current stress on rift aircraft, weakens them and makes it easier for them to slip. This decrease in friction can lead to the movement of the rift, which leads to induced earthquakes.

“The Service Observatory is the missing piece of the puzzle in the study of earthquakes,” says Professor Dominico Giardini, one of the four main researchers of the Fear Project. “We have excellent monitoring networks around the world. However, most of them are placed on the surface, and thus they are located several kilometers from the earthquake point. Even the few sensors placed in gaps are usually only near the rift areas, not directly inside.”

Sources

1/ https://Google.com/

2/ http://seismo.ethz.ch/en/home/bssed-imagewithtext/Observing-earthquakes-where-they-occur/

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