Health Needs Assessment Report: Earthquake in Northern Afghanistan – Afghanistan

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Executive Summary On 3 November 2025 at 00:59 local time, an earthquake struck northern Afghanistan near Mazar-i-Sharif, severely impacting Balkh and Samangan provinces, affecting Jowzjan, Sari Pul, Kunduz and Baghlan. This led to a rapid health facility and community assessment across 49 health facilities and 61 communities in Balkh and Samangan provinces. This report provides a comprehensive statistical analysis of 49 health facilities in Samangan and Balkh provinces as well as a community-based assessment conducted in 61 communities. The results indicate that:

1. 38.8% (19) of facilities were partially or completely damaged, with earthquakes cited as the main cause (17 facilities).2. 81.6% (40) of health facilities are fully operational. There is a significant deficit in mental health services (MHPSS) (63.3% lack them) and triage systems (30.6% lack them), putting emergency response at risk. While most health facilities have essential medicines such as paracetamol (98.5%) and amoxicillin (96.9%), there are severe shortages of other medicines including other antibiotics and medical equipment. The data confirms 184 cases of shock and 13 deaths due to shock.5. Disease surveillance shows a high prevalence of diarrheal diseases (89.8%), acute respiratory infections (77.5%), and dysentery (87.7%)6. 28.6% (14) of the health facilities evaluated collect electronic data using DHIS2.7. Ten out of 61 communities (16.4%) have no health facilities in their community.8. Only one community had access to piped water, 21.3% of them had access to improved groundwater (wells and boreholes) while 77.0% of communities depended on surface water9. Half of the communities (50%) reported that open defecation (“open fields/bushes”) was the primary practice.10. The most pressing needs identified by the community are shelter, food and access to medicine. The main health needs of communities are nutrition services (87.1%), maternal and child health services (87.1%), immunization (80.6%) and mobile health services (53.2%)12. More than a third (36.7%) of health facilities had staff who had not received PSEAH training, and 16% had staff who had not signed the code of conduct.

Key recommendations:

1. Rehabilitation/repair of damaged health facilities,2. Providing essential medicines and equipment to health facilities that lack medicines and basic supplies3. Strengthen clinical capacity in trauma care and triage,4. 5. Providing mental health and psychosocial services. Investing in solar energy and communications infrastructure to support 24/7 operations.

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