Preterm birth may increase the likelihood of autism

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• Researchers say babies born prematurely may be more likely to develop autism.
• They say their findings add to previous studies that concluded that genetic and environmental factors could play a role in the risk of autism.
• Researchers add that preterm infants still have only 6% of autism, so their detection should be used as a diagnostic tool to support early intervention.

Preterm or preterm babies are four times more likely to have autism spectrum disorders (ASD) than new Swedish full-term babies study I will propose.

Researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York and Lund University in Sweden examined 4 million people born between 1973 and 2013.

They are very premature babies (born 28 weeks ago) It was possible to develop autism four times as much as a full-term infant.

In addition, the chances of preterm infants (born 28-32 weeks) were 40% higher. The likelihood of early infants (born at 37-38 weeks) was 10-15% higher.

“Our findings need to routinely include gestational age at birth in the medical history and medical records of patients of all ages to help identify preterm or prematurely born patients in clinical practice. It provides further evidence that there is, “the study author writes.

“Such information may provide additional valuable context for understanding patient health and facilitate early assessment of ASD and other neurodevelopmental status in preterm patients,” they write. I am.

The authors of the study did not speculate on why preterm birth is more likely. autismHowever, previous studies have shown that both genetic and environmental factors play a role.

For example, recent research has discovered 102 separate genes Linked to ASD. Many of these genes also play a major role in early brain development.

“Birth of premature babies, complications during pregnancy (such as bleeding and high blood pressure), exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (eg food, cosmetics, water, etc.), and carrying more than one all carry the risk of autism. It seems to increase. ” Emily PapazoglowA Georgia-based board-certified clinical neuropsychologist with a PhD told Healthline.

“We still don’t know why these factors increase a child’s risk of developing autism, and many children are born healthy after being exposed to one or more of these risk factors,” she said. Told.

There is one thing for sure.

Vaccines do not play a role Whether a child develops autism, according to some large studies.

A study of 500,000 people found that children with autistic siblings were 14 times more likely to develop autism than the general population. This also shows that genetic factors are working.

The increase in autism diagnoses over the years is instead driven by a better understanding of the signs and symptoms of early-stage autism. More general screening For that, research shows.

Having a premature baby does not mean that the child will have autism. Even the very premature babies in this study had an autism rate of only 6 percent.

However, if a child gives birth prematurely, screening and early intervention can help ensure that the child receives the best possible support as needed.

“We know that the sooner the intervention is given to children with autism, the better the results. Interventions under the age of five, and ideally early early childhood interventions. It seems to be especially important, “says Papazoglow.

“The importance of early detection and immediate implementation of appropriate intervention cannot be exaggerated,” added Dana Ciuro, a Pennsylvania-based pediatric occupational therapist who specializes in children with autism.

“At the age of two, the child’s brain undergoes significant growth and the formation of neural connections, during which time the brain is at its highest potential for” neuroplasticity “or changes,” Sciullo told Healthline.

“In my own practice, I’ve seen children who were diagnosed early and undergoing intense intervention grew up and had no obvious signs of autism. This is not always the case. But early treatment always has a positive effect on the outcome of the child, “she said.

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