Health
New study: Mosquitoes’ fail-safe sense of smell bypasses repellents
If you’ve ever wondered how mosquitoes sniff you out even when you’re covered in bug repellent, scientists may have found out why. A recent study found that mosquitoes have an evolved and unconventional sense of smell, providing a reliable way to locate humans.
“The standard view is that each olfactory sensory neuron expresses a single chemosensory receptor that defines its ligand selectivity,” the study notes, noting that Ae. It was found to have many neurons that co-express chemosensory receptor genes.
Simply put, this specialized sense of smell defies the common “one neuron, one receptor” understanding of smell. For example, in humans, each time an odor hits our nose, it triggers a sensory receptor, which then carries a message to the brain through the corresponding neuron.
Studies show that in mosquitoes, different receptors can respond to different odors in the same neurons. So even if one of his receptor families is compromised, it doesn’t interfere with the mosquito’s ability to find and eat human blood.
Mosquitoes are strongly attracted to body odor and carbon dioxide. Previous studies have found that removing the entire mosquito receptor used to decode carbon dioxide does not stop mosquitoes from finding human prey.
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A new study points to why this is happening. The research team behind the study said they never expected to discover this when they embarked on the research project.
Mosquitoes are malaria, West Nile virus, Zika fever viruses, dengue fever, etc. The researchers said they hope that a better understanding of insects’ olfactory functions will help humans design repellents that keep insects at bay.
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