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Team studies immune response, protein in blood of young adults who develop rare complications after COVID vaccination

Team studies immune response, protein in blood of young adults who develop rare complications after COVID vaccination

 


mRNA vaccine

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Myocarditis, a condition in which the myocardium becomes inflamed, is a rare complication after mRNA COVID vaccination. It is estimated that about 18 cases occur for every million doses of vaccine, making it extremely rare to find cases to investigate. In a new study by researchers at Mass General Brigham’s founding members Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, the team looked at the immune responses of 16 of her adolescents and young adults who developed myocarditis after receiving the COVID mRNA vaccine. has been extensively researched. The researchers found no differences in antibody production, autoantibodies, T-cell profiles, or previous viral exposures, but increased cytokines (consistent with congenital inflammation) and troponin (indicative of cardiac injury). found that spike protein levels were elevated with Circulation.

“Risk of developing from “While this finding helps us better understand this potential complication, it does not change the risk-benefit ratio of receiving COVID vaccines. The incidence of other heart-related complications is much higher than the risk of myocarditis after vaccination.”

Patients with myocarditis can be treated with steroids to reduce inflammation. Adolescents who develop this condition after vaccination. New research may point to additional ways to treat post-vaccination myocarditis patients and improve outcomes.

“Understanding the mechanisms leading to post-vaccination myocarditis will guide future vaccine development and Co-lead author David Walt, Ph.D., professor in the Brigham Department of Pathology, said: We studied them in depth, leading to interesting findings that may guide therapeutic strategies to reverse post-vaccination myocarditis.”

Yonker, Walt and colleagues examined blood samples taken from 61 adolescents and young adults. These include 16 of her who developed myocarditis and 45 of her who had no complications after vaccination with either the Pfizer BNT162b2 or Moderna mRNA-1273 COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. The team will include testing for SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral responses, assessment of autoantibodies or antibodies to human-associated viromes, SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell analysis, cytokine and SARS-CoV-2 antigen profiling , performed antibody profiling. Antibody and T cell responses were essentially indistinguishable between cases and controls. Using his Simoa, an ultrasensitive test for detecting single molecules, the team found significantly higher levels of the full-length spike protein in the blood of adolescents who developed myocarditis. Asymptomatic, vaccinated control adolescents had no detectable spike protein. The team also looked for anti-N IgG, an immunological marker for recent SARS-CoV-2 infection, but it was not detected, suggesting that natural infection is unlikely to be a contributing factor. increase.

Although this study adds new insights into post-vaccination myocarditis, the authors note that it is limited. It cannot distinguish between cause and effect. Thus, it is unknown whether the Spike protein itself causes inflammation. Or it is a biomarker of immune dysregulation leading to myocarditis.

“In most cases, post-vaccination myocarditis is mild and self-resolving,” said Yonker. “But new insights into its causes may further help improve patient symptoms or prevent the development of this complication.”

For more information:
Jonker, LM and others. Circulating spike protein detected in post-COVID-19 mRNA vaccine myocarditis, Circulation (2023). DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.061025

Quote: Team Study Immune Response, Proteins in Blood of Young Adults Who Develop Rare Complications After COVID Vaccination (4 Jan 2023) protein-blood.html

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