Health
When it comes to cancer diagnosis and treatment, time of day matters — ScienceDaily
Circadian rhythms don’t just govern your sleep schedule. It may also affect the development, diagnosis and treatment of cancer.In a review article published in a journal Trends in cell biology On March 24, researchers discussed the role of circadian rhythms in tumor progression and metastasis, discussing when patients should be screened for cancer and which treatments to increase diagnostic accuracy and improve treatment success. Learn how to improve when you receive
“Since circadian rhythms govern most of the cellular functions involved in cancer progression, their exploitation opens up new promising directions in the fight against metastasis,” says Molecular Oncology, ETH Zurich. Academic authors Zoi Diamantopoulou, Ana Gvozdenovic, and Nicola Aceto write: Switzerland.
Our circadian rhythms help the body synchronize various tasks throughout the day, including gene expression, immune function, and cell repair. For example, chronic disruption of circadian rhythms, as a result of irregular sleep patterns, jet lag, and shift work, has long been known to predispose to many health problems, including cancer. . Recent studies have shown that circadian rhythms are involved not only in tumor development, but also in cancer progression and metastasis, i.e. colonization of secondary sites in the body.
Metastasis is the leading cause of death in cancer patients. For metastasis to occur, cells must leave the primary tumor, enter the bloodstream, and migrate to and invade new organs. Studies show that the rate at which cancer cells leave the primary tumor and enter the bloodstream he oscillates rhythmically throughout the day, but the timing of this rhythm varies by cancer type. For example, breast cancer is more likely to spread at night while you sleep, whereas prostate cancer and multiple myeloma peak at other times during the day.
The authors argue that this information can be used to optimally target tumor cell-targeted chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Giving medications or immunotherapy at specific times of the day is known as chronotherapy.
“Circadian rhythm-based metastasis formation should be viewed as an opportunity to intervene in the most timely and effective manner,” the authors wrote. “Chronotherapy has the potential to be a valuable alternative treatment option in the fight against cancer.”
Clinical studies indicate that chronotherapy may reduce the severity of side effects experienced by patients and may also affect treatment efficacy. A recent study found that melanoma patients who received immunotherapy drugs were almost twice as likely to survive as those treated later in the day. Optimal timing varies by cancer type and treatment modality, and the authors also noted that the clinical benefits of chronotherapy may be influenced by factors such as the patient’s gender and genetic background. I’m here.
Knowledge of the circadian rhythm of cancer cells may also be useful in cancer diagnosis. Cancer cells produce proteins at varying rates throughout the day, and some of these proteins are used as diagnostic molecular markers. Collecting and testing biopsies at times when concentrations of these proteins are highest can reduce the chances of misdiagnosing a patient.
“A more mechanistic understanding of these processes will be needed to unlock their full potential clinically,” the authors write. Defining the timing of circulating tumor cell proliferation and release into the bloodstream may help identify the optimal timeframe for therapeutic administration.”
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