Health
Pharmacy deserts disproportionately impact vulnerable communities across the U.S.
Nearly half of U.S. counties have at least one “pharmacy desert” — an area with no retail pharmacy within 10 miles — according to a new study published by researchers at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC – James).
“As pharmacies close, more and more Americans will no longer have easy access to their medications, disproportionately impacting certain communities. We found that patients in counties with higher social vulnerability and fewer primary care providers are up to 40% more likely to live in pharmacy desert areas.”
Timothy Pawlik, MD, senior author of the study and the James Meyer III and Shelley Meyer Professor of Cancer Research at the OSUCCC, said:
Pawlik also serves as surgeon-in-chief at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center and chairman of the Department of Surgery at The Ohio State College of Medicine.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defines social vulnerability as “the potential adverse effects on a community caused by an external stressor on human health.”
“These findings highlight how disparities exacerbate lack of access to basic health care, which leads to many people not taking their prescribed medications and suffering poorer health from chronic diseases such as diabetes and high blood pressure,” Pawlik added.
The findings were published today. JAMA Network Open.
Methods and Results
The researchers reviewed data from publicly available TelePharm maps for communities within 10 miles of the nearest retail pharmacy. Counties in the 75th percentile for the number of pharmacy deserts per 1,000 residents were determined to have high pharmacy desert density. Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) and health care provider data were obtained from the CDC's Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry and Community Health Resources File databases, respectively. The researchers used statistical methods to analyze the relationships between these factors.
The study found that about 46% of the 3,143 counties had at least one pharmacy desert. Counties with higher pharmacy desert densities had higher social vulnerability and fewer primary care providers. People in areas with higher pharmacy desert densities were more likely to have difficulty accessing medicines and health care services.
Collaborators on this study include Giovanni Catalano, MD, PhD, Muhammad Muntazir Mehdi Khan, MD, PhD, and Odysseas P. Chatzipanagiotou, MD, PhD.
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Journal References:
Catalano, G. Other(2024). Pharmacy accessibility and social vulnerability. JAMA Network Open. doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.29755.
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