Health
Scientists find out that they are fueling the “natural killer cells” of the immune system –ScienceDaily
Despite its name from the Tarantino movie, natural killer (NK) cells are an ally in the fight against infections and cancer. If T cells are like a team of specialists in an emergency room, then NK cells are paramedics. They first arrive at the scene and control damage until reinforcements arrive.
NK cells, which are part of the innate immune system that dispatch these first responders, are prepared to recognize and respond to danger from birth. Knowing what fuels NK cells is an active field of immunology with important clinical significance.
“There is a lot of interest in NK cells today as a potential target for immunotherapy,” said Joseph Sun, an immunologist at the Sloan-Kettering Institute. “The more we understand what drives these cells, the better we can program to fight the disease.”
Despite its name from the Tarantino movie, natural killer (NK) cells are an ally in the fight against infections and cancer. If T cells are like a team of specialists in an emergency room, then NK cells are paramedics. They first arrive at the scene and control damage until reinforcements arrive.
NK cells, which are part of the innate immune system that dispatch these first responders, are prepared to recognize and respond to danger from birth. Knowing what fuels NK cells is an active field of immunology with important clinical significance.
“There is a lot of interest in NK cells today as a potential target for immunotherapy,” said Joseph Sun, an immunologist at the Sloan-Kettering Institute. “The more we understand what drives these cells, the better we can program to fight the disease.”
First line
Previous studies by researchers such as MSK have shown that T cells rely on aerobic glycolysis to perform protective functions. However, it was unclear whether NK cells depend on this metabolic form to promote their activity.
Dr. Sun and his colleagues studied NK cells in animals instead of dishes, allowing them to identify the type of metabolism used by NK cells and compare them to T cells in the natural environment. They found that NK cells increase aerobic glycolysis about 5 days before T cells respond to their glycolytic surge.
“This is consistent with the idea that NK cells are innate immune cells and are very important for initiating a rapid response,” says Dr. Shepherd.
This finding is related to ongoing efforts to use NK cells as immunotherapy for people with cancer and other diseases. In particular, it makes sense to use NK cells as a form of cell therapy. When cells grow outside the patient’s body and are injected into the patient’s blood.
“While these cells are growing in a dish, if they divide too quickly, they are less likely to undergo aerobic glycolysis when administered to patients,” Dr. Shepherd said. I will.
It is important for researchers planning clinical trials to find a balance between promoting NK cell proliferation and maintaining stamina. Since these NK cells are paramedics in our immune system, it is important to maintain rapidity and responsiveness.
The findings were reported to the journal on June 1, 2021. Cell report..
This study included the Cancer Institute, NCI Cancer Center Support Grant (P30CA08748), Survival Cycle, Ludwig Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, American Cancer Society, Burroughs Welcome Fund, and NIH (Grants AI100874, AI130043, AI155558). .. The authors of the study declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
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