Weeks after the major earthquake, a new study expanded the Wasatch Front errors map hundreds of miles away

An inappropriate geological reality stares at Intermountain West. Coincidentally, one of the most densely populated urban areas is also the most seismically unstable, increasing the possibility of heavy loss of life and economic turmoil in the event of a major earthquake.

A network of cracks, known as the Wasatch Rift Zone, extends 220 miles from central Utah north along the Wasatch Front façade through Salt Lake City to Idaho, an area with 185,000 homes and other structures built from unreinforced construction, a type of construction vulnerable To collapse when the earth moves. His strength of 5.7 degrees in the last month is only a mild taste of what can happen.

Now, the Geological Survey of Utah released a new report after four years of study, mapping the numerous faults of the front and aswat that could tear the surface, the type of seismic movement that could damage buildings and infrastructure.

The Wasatch Fault Zone consists of 10 parts – from Malad, Idaho, to Fayette, Utah. The new study expands specific errors from 451 miles to 739 miles, with the biggest gains for Provo, Salt Lake City and Weber segments.

The study benefited from the detection of airborne light and altitude (or lydar) data to improve the accuracy, maps, and details of current crash maps.

“As a result of this research, we better understand where we have had surface-tear earthquakes in the geological past, and where we may face them in the future,” said Emily Klipper, a geological risk researcher at UGS, a co-author of the report: “ Knowing where the defects are Mistakes help us make better land use decisions now and in the future. “This new study provides detailed mapping of errors and maps” special study areas “of the Wasatch error zone from southern Idaho to central Utah.

(Christopher Sherrington | Salt Lake Tribune)

“We can erase all the trees and buildings from the data so we can see the surface without distracting it,” said Kleber. “We can calculate the slope and see slight changes in the slope.”

The new study also helped to identify the effects of defects that were not previously identified and to find potential sites for future investigations into earthquakes that occurred in the distant past, known as the Palaio events. The report recommends that such investigations be conducted “in areas that are rapidly developing or in areas that lack good information on the timing and frequency of earthquakes”, and the report recommends.

Private study areas and crash mapping will be available soon on application of risks being pilot tested by UGS. The agency has already published an interactive map showing breakdowns and folds that produced earthquakes of more than 6.5 magnitude during the Quaternary period, which covered the past 2.6 million years. These geological structures are those that are most likely to produce large earthquakes in the future.

The study does not include the error that transformed near Magna on March 18, which destroyed dozens of homes and dozens of historic buildings. This earthquake and a previous earthquake in the same area in 1962 were not strong enough to break the surface, so the error remains hidden underground.

While the new lidar-based study helps in identifying malfunctions, it lacks the necessary precision to determine the best location for safe positioning over many identified.

(Photo provided by Utah Geological Survey). These images compare an aerial view, to the left, with recently obtained slope ramp shading images, in the center and right, of the Levan portion of the Wasatch error area. The effect of the defect is dimmed in the aerial image, but is more pronounced on sloping shadow images. The right image shows traceable error tracking.

UGS Geologist Hazard Greg MacDonald said, “While we recommend an additional site-specific investigation before construction, it is up to the local agencies to organize development within the designated Special Study Areas.”

The study proposes special study areas on the effects of error to look for ground cracking, tilt, and slight fissures that usually accompany surface rupture, according to UGS. This area of ​​deformation occurs near the main rift bushing and can extend hundreds of feet, mostly over a “overthrow”, or valley side of the rift.

“These are red-marked areas and we suggest cities ask for additional studies,” said Kleber.

The researchers also took advantage of an archive of historical weather imagery. Many of these images were filmed in the early 1970s, predating much of the residential and commercial development that now fills the rift area. Lake Salt Valley antennas date back to 1936.

The report says: “These images were very useful for urban mapping, where the effects of surface defects were masked due to the recent Earth upheaval.”

To complete the study, Salt Lake County and its cities, along with the Utah Emergency Management Department, helped pay for big data acquisition efforts in 2014. Utah Geological Survey collaborated with the U.S. Geological Survey to charter a plane and make a flight, photographing fault areas with a laser camera. Clipper said they covered 3,000 square miles and scored 40 billion points for the Ladder.

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