Researchers say the San Andreas fault line could cause more earthquakes than initially thought

The San Andreas fault line in California may be able to produce much larger earthquakes than previously thought.

The results were published in the Journal of Geology, and found that previous assumptions about the magnitude of potential fault line earthquakes were understated.

According to the research, scientists previously believed that a central part of the fault produces less intense earthquakes than other parts of the fault. However, the study authors concluded that large-scale earthquakes may have occurred in the region and have occurred in the past.

The San Andreas Fault is an 800-mile stretch across California where the Pacific and North American tectonic plates meet. The fault extends from north of San Francisco to San Diego.

Researchers previously believed that the largest earthquakes formed at the fault ends, where enormous stress can build up over time, kicking off in large earthquakes.

California regularly experiences earthquakes, with Southern California recording 10,000 each year. Most of these earthquakes are minor and imperceptible to the residents of the state. Only about 15 to 20 in the region are greater than 4.0 each year.

However, major earthquakes have occurred, such as the 7.9-magnitude earthquake that struck San Francisco in 1906, killing more than 3,000 people. Another 57 people were killed in 1994 after a 6.7-magnitude earthquake near Los Angeles.

According to the researchers, the central part of the fault line, which runs through the central coastal region of California, has not experienced a major earthquake for 2,000 years. However, they found that larger earthquakes occurred in the distant past.

Scientists’ analysis determined that the rocks in the central fault section had moved more than five feet, in large part due to earthquakes in that area. This is equivalent to earthquakes of magnitude 6.9 in the past.

“Ultimately, our work indicates the potential for earthquakes of greater strength in central California and highlights the importance of including the center [San Andreas Fault] and other creeping flaws in seismic hazard analysis”.

Dr. Genevieve Coffey, lead author of the study and a seismologist at Columbia University’s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, told Columbia School of Climate News that the findings should alert other researchers to the potential for major earthquakes originating in the region.

“We have to realize that there is this potential, and it’s not always just a constant creep,” she said.

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