Why vaccinations should be a top priority in earthquake relief efforts

On February 6, 2023, Turkey and Syria experienced a strong earthquake of magnitude 7/8, followed by several aftershocks, and another earthquake of magnitude 7-6, which caused severe damage and loss of life. The disaster management agency Anadolu reported that the death toll from the earthquakes rose to 45,089 people.

In the aftermath of an earthquake, the risk of outbreaks of communicable diseases can increase due to disruptions to sanitation systems, water supplies, and healthcare services, making it necessary to take appropriate preventive measures to mitigate their spread and impact on the affected population.

In such cases, vaccination can play an important role in preventing the spread of diseases such as cholera, typhoid, hepatitis A, tetanus, and others. Many disaster studies have highlighted the importance of certain vaccines in infection control and management in the aftermath of an earthquake.

In post-disaster scenarios, tetanus and cholera are serious diseases that can be prevented by vaccination. 1 Nelson EJ Andrews JR Maples S Barry M Clemens JD. The World Health Organization has recommended the use of oral cholera vaccines in complex emergencies, including earthquakes, and various studies have confirmed their importance in such scenarios. 2 Use of oral cholera vaccine in complex emergencies: What’s next? Summary report of the expert meeting and WHO recommendations.

Vaccination protects vulnerable individuals and communities from disease outbreaks, including the young, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems. It also enhances community resilience and supports recovery by reducing disease burden and preventing disease spread.

Notably, disaster response efforts often focus on immediate needs such as search and rescue, emergency medical care, and the provision of food, water, and shelter. However, the long-term health needs of the disaster-affected population, including the need for vaccination, must not be overlooked. Earthquakes have already severely affected both the healthcare system and the affected population in Turkey 3. Addressing the effects of earthquakes on the healthcare system in Turkey. In Turkey, the Minister of Health recently announced water pollution in the area affected by the disaster.

Strategies such as mobile clinics, vaccination teams, and outreach programs can be used to overcome challenges in disaster-affected areas, such as disrupted health services, communications, and transportation systems. International organizations such as the World Health Organization and UNICEF can provide technical assistance, financing and supplies to support vaccination campaigns.

Realizing the importance of vaccination in post-earthquake scenarios and taking appropriate preventative measures to mitigate the spread of communicable diseases is crucial. Priority must be given to the health and well-being of disaster-affected populations to ensure sustainable recovery.

Declare no competing interests.

References 1.Nelson EJ Andrews JR Maples S Barry M Clemens JD

Can an outbreak of cholera be prevented in post-earthquake Nepal?

Blues Neil Troupe Dis. 2015; 9e0003961 2.

Use of oral cholera vaccine in complex emergencies: what’s next? Summary report of the expert meeting and WHO recommendations.

J Health People Clin. 2007; 25:244-2613.

Addressing the effects of earthquakes on the healthcare system in Türkiye.

Lancet. 2023; 401: 727 Article informationPublication dateIdentification

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)00565-2

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© 2023 Elsevier Ltd. all rights are save.

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