After 14 years of an earthquake in eastern Japan: Local governments need to study “Any form that must be rebuilt”

Editorial

14:07 JST, March 11, 2025

The affected areas, which struck an unprecedented catastrophe, moved forward step by step, but they face difficult challenges at the same time. It is necessary to reconsider the model that the reconstruction should take.

14 years have passed since the East Japan earthquake, which left more than 22,000 people dead or missing. A total of about 40 trillion yen in national funds has been spent on projects related to reconstruction in affected areas, and the offices of the city's government, schools, fishing and public housing ports were built for disaster victims, among other infrastructure, one by one.

The scene of the new buildings is likely to be a symbol of reconstruction. However, local governments will have a heavy burden in the future.

In the IWate, MIYAGI and Fukushima governorates, the annual cost of operating this infrastructure and implementing renovations is currently exceeding 50 billion yen. This is 1.7 times the amount before the earthquake.

There is no doubt that reconstruction projects were accelerated thanks to the generous financial support of the central government. However, the discord predictions of the local governments of the future – which is paid by the fact that the central government pays for projects – has somewhat somewhat to the excessive development of the facilities.

Many affected areas have long been suffering from the problems of population. After the earthquake, the external flow of the population was advanced, and many residents are no longer even after the reconstruction. Tax revenues are expected to decrease in the future.

After the earthquake, the city of Ufunato, IWate, rebuilt all the fishing ports run by the 16 cities that were damaged, as the central government bears the full cost of 22.7 billion yen. However, the number of fishing boats decreased by about 40 % of the pre -disaster level due to the aging of fishermen and the lack of people to take over this profession.

In the town of Yamada, IWate Governorate, the central government spent 1.2 billion yen to rebuild an elementary school, but forced the closure last year, 10 years after its opening, due to the decrease in the number of children.

Each local government must analyze the issues related to the facilities in which large sums of public funds have been invested, a study of how to benefit from them and reduce costs. It is hoped that they work with the central government to find a way out of this position.

The city of Fotaba, Fukushima Governorate, aims to force all residents to evacuate due to the incident that occurred at Fukushima No. 1 nuclear energy company at the Tokyo Electrical Company for the Electrical Authority, and aims to establish a very international school, specialized in English. One of the ideas is to encourage the migration of the generation of children from other areas through such a measure.

Regarding the earthquake of the Nuto Peninsula, which occurred on New Year's Day last year, it began to rebuild the affected areas. Population is a serious issue in Noto as well. In addition to restoring the affected areas to their original state, it is important to put a vision for the future and enhance the development of real society.

Various regions throughout the country face a decrease in population and the aging of the population. A potential Nanakai Basin earthquake is expected to cause these areas. It is important to think about how to follow up with post -disaster rebuilding from normal times.

(From Yomiuri Shimbun, March 11, 2025)

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