Health
Prenatal exposure to air pollution associated with poor childhood academic achievement
Children exposed to high levels of air pollution are more likely to have inadequate control over childhood and poor academic skills such as spelling, reading comprehension, and math skills in early adolescence. Become. Difficulty in controlling late childhood was found to be a precursor to later air pollution-related academic problems. Interventions that target suppressive control may improve outcomes.
Research results by researchers at Columbia University’s Center for Children’s Environmental Health (CCCEH) and Columbia University’s Irving Medical Center are published in the journal. Environmental research..
Children with inadequate inhibitory control cannot negate general reactions and prioritize more unusual reactions. For example, the natural reaction of “up” when the arrow is pointing up, or the natural reaction of “going” when the light is green. Instead, say “down” or “stop.” By compromising childhood control, exposure to prenatal air pollution can change the basis on which later academic achievement is built. “
Dr. Amy Margolis, Lead Author, Associate Professor of Medical Psychology, Department Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center
“When assessing student learning problems and developing treatment plans, parents and teachers are content-related, as academic problems related to environmental exposure are common in interventions designed to address learning. It should be taken into account that it may require interventions that focus on suppression control issues rather than lack of skills in the field, “adds Margolis.
“This study adds a lot of literature showing the harmful health effects of exposure to prenatal air pollution on children’s health outcomes, including academic performance,” said Julie Herbstman, director and associate professor at CCCEH. The doctor says. Columbia Mailman School. “Reducing the level of air pollution can prevent these adverse consequences and improve children’s academic performance.”
The new findings are consistent with previous Colombian studies that found that DNA markers of PAH exposure were associated with changes in self-regulatory capacity and development of ADHD symptoms.
The study followed 200 children enrolled in a longitudinal cohort study in northern Manhattan and Bronx, led by CCCEH researchers. Researchers collect measurements of prenatal airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, the main components of air pollution) during late pregnancy, when the foetation is extremely vulnerable to environmental attacks. Did. Suppression control tests were performed at or around 10 years of age, and academic performance tests were conducted at or around 13 years of age.
Suppression control and learning
When students learn new concepts, they often need to invalidate their old habits in order to incorporate new rules into their skills. For example, when learning how to read a vowel, a child learns that the vowel of letter a is short “like an apple” but long when a consonant is followed by a “magic e” like “rate”.
Source:
Journal reference:
Margolis, AE, et al. (2021) Prenatal exposure to air pollution is associated with childhood control and adolescent academic performance. Environmental research. doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2021.111570..
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