Health
Coronavirus: Why are survivors asked to donate plasma?
British health officials have called for people to recover from the United States. Coronavirus Donate them plasma.
Preliminary studies show that there are three groups of patients whose plasma may most likely help others because of antibodies produced by the immune system when fighting the virus.
This includes patients over the age of 35, men, and patients requiring hospitalization.
NHS blood and transplant (NHSBT) Is currently appealing to recovering coronavirus patients, especially those falling into these three categories, to establish themselves as plasma donors.
NHSBT’s Deputy Head of Blood Donation, Professor David Roberts, said: “Help the NHS fight Covid-19. Donating plasma during the recovery period is safe and easy and can save lives. Donate when you get a call.”
Dr. Alessandro Giardini, a cardiovascular consultant at Great Ormond Street Hospital, was charged as a “super-donor” for antibodies after being infected with the virus and receiving intensive care on a ventilator for seven days.
A 46-year-old patient from Camden, London, was later found to have the highest measured antibody levels to date among those who recovered, 40 times the amount normally found in convalescent plasma donations. ..
Dr. Giardini said, “It’s scary” to return to the medical environment after an ordeal, but “if Covid-19 can help others who are still ill, I need to do that.” I felt that. “.
Everything you need to know about plasma donations is here.
What is Convalescent Plasma?
“Plasma is a clear liquid found in the blood used for transfusion.” NHS explain.
1/13
A 46-year-old registered nurse in the emergency department, Cheryll Mack takes a photo after a 12-hour shift outside the hospital where she works. “The spread of Covid-19 has affected many lives, many people’s lives. It has caused a crisis, death in general. So I am not alone but all over the world. I would like to ask people to converge and participate. This is something no one can fight individually. “
Reuters
2/13
Dr. Laura Bontempo, 50, a doctor in emergency medicine, wears personal protective equipment to use when examining a patient while taking a picture after a 9-hour shift outside the hospital. “The hardest times are actually to separate the family from the patient, and there are off-limits policies, making it very difficult to take someone away from a loved one,” Bontempo said. “I am used to treating sick patients. Ill patients are always treated. Knowing that the patient you are treating is actually a risk to you is quite different. But the main difference here is that no one works at the hospital. I am afraid to treat the sick. I just want to keep the staff and patient safe at the same time. “
Reuters
3/13
Ernest Capadungan (29), a registered nurse working in a biological containment unit, takes pictures outside the hospital after a 12-hour shift. “The hardest moment during the shift was just seeing a Covid patient being helpless and dying without a family beside him,” Capadngan said.
Reuters
4/13
Martin Bell, 41, an emergency department nurse, takes a photo after a six-hour shift outside the hospital where he works. “The hardest thing of all of these has been taking care of fellow health care providers. It really hits the house and now you find someone you could come in and take care of them now. It’s really scary when I am, and I will take care of the public when my healthcare provider begins to get sick. ” “It’s very stressful and everyone is at the edge. I know who comes next, how sick they are, whether we get a lot of people, whether we don’t Nobody can get it, it’s a really stressful and totally unusual time for all of us. ”
Reuters
5/13
A registered nurse working in biocontainment, Kaitlyn Martiniano, 25, takes pictures outside the hospital after a 12.5 hour shift. “We have a lot of patients, and we’re pretty sick right now, but we haven’t been hit as hard as New York or Seattle, so we’ve been very lucky so far. Be optimistic every day. You need to, “Martiniano said. “The reason we aren’t hit that hard right now is that so many are closed and so many are staying at home.”
Reuters
6/13
Intensive Care Unit (ICU) nurse Tracy Wilson (53) takes a photo outside the hospital where she works, after a 12-hour shift. “I had a patient fallen out of bed today, I had to call his wife and tell her, and she begged her to come to see him Could not come to see him, “Wilson said. “There are many unknowns, and there are a lot of anxiety and stress that we are not used to dealing with.”
Reuters
7/13
Meghan Sheehan, 27, is a nurse in the emergency department, and takes a photo after a 12-hour shift outside the hospital where she works. “I think the hardest thing for me was the fear of living within us all. There are many unknown problems now. I am afraid of what will happen tomorrow and what the emergency department will look like next week. I’m afraid, I’ll talk to my co-workers about whether they will get sick, fear that we can be asymptomatic carriers and bring the virus back to our families and loved ones. There was a lot of fear about our supply and whether we would be gone, and obviously we would see the patient and do everything we could normally to save the patient’s life. You can’t do that, “said Shihan.
Reuters
8/13
Kimberly Bowers, 44, ICU’s nurse practitioner, takes pictures outside the hospital after a 13-hour shift. “The most difficult moment was a young woman who died and her family couldn’t stay with her,” Bowers said. “For now, I’m scared to be frustrated just because I don’t know what will happen next.”
Reuters
9/13
Tiffany Fair, 25, a registered nurse working in the BioContainment Unit, takes a photo outside his / her hospital where he works, after a 13-hour shift. “One of the most difficult moments was meeting a family of Covid patients and leaving the room to say goodbye to the iPad. It was hard. I can’t imagine how hard it is to say goodbye. Without seeing my loved ones, they are gone. ” “My team was really great for me. We really worked well together and we really got together in this crisis. We do not know each other well. We are the same We’re from different departments in the hospital, and we’ve come together to work well as a team. It was a journey, and I think it gives me hope. ”
Reuters
10/13
Dr. Kyle Fischer, 35, is an emergency physician and takes pictures outside the hospital where he works, after a 12-hour shift. “We haven’t used it since it’s a new virus. Most illnesses aren’t used to seeing and caring for it, so there’s no starting point. I know what I’m listening to I’ve read all the papers from New York on what it looks like, but no one knows what the correct answer is, so there’s a lot of uncertainty and people are really, really sick So it’s hard to guess again. When I think I’m right, I’m doing the right thing, but I don’t know at all. “
Reuters
11/13
Julia Trainor, a 23-year-old registered nurse at the Surgery ICU, takes pictures outside the hospital after a 14-hour shift. “The hardest part was having to insert a breathing tube into a patient who was unable to breathe on her own. After the breathing tube came in, we called her family. The husband couldn’t go to her because of the restrictions, so he had to make a phone call and put the phone in her ear.He loved her so much and she cried “I had to wipe away my tears when I was there.” “I’m used to seeing very sick patients and dying patients, but there’s nothing like this. Press the switch. It’s completely isolated without support, some of them are so sick, some of them heal, some of them don’t heal, but the hardest thing is to experience this sensation as if they were alone I think I have to do it. “
Reuters
12/13
Lisa Mehring, a registered nurse working in a biocontainment unit with Covid-19 patients, takes a picture 12.5 hours after a shift outside a hospital working in Maryland. “Seeing these new moms have babies is at the hardest moment with doing their pumps for new moms and because they can’t be with their newborn It’s hard to think of their missingness as a family. ”
Photo reuters
13/13
A 30-year-old Jacqueline Hamil, a registered nurse in the emergency department, takes a picture after a 12-hour shift outside the hospital. “I was in charge of the most difficult moment of my shift today. We have a really sick patient in a really very small room, and usually when we have a patient who crashed due to illness, a lot of resources And a ton of staff will help the nurse and the doctor who is taking care of the patient, but once the patient is excluded for the coronavirus, There were only 5 or 6 people in the room, and the gowns, gloves, masks, and face shields to protect us were there, in case they were infected with a coronavirus, as it took time. The nurse is going to be in a room you know. It was hard to be in charge, she knew she was locked up in the room and I couldn’t do anything to help her. ” I said.
Reuters
1/13
A 46-year-old registered nurse in the emergency department, Cheryll Mack takes a photo after a 12-hour shift outside the hospital where she works. “The spread of Covid-19 has affected many lives, many people’s lives. It has caused a crisis, death in general. So I am not alone but all over the world. I would like to ask people to converge and participate. This is something no one can fight individually. “
Reuters
2/13
Dr. Laura Bontempo, 50, a doctor in emergency medicine, wears personal protective equipment to use when examining a patient while taking a picture after a 9-hour shift outside the hospital. “The hardest times are actually to separate the family from the patient, and there are off-limits policies, making it very difficult to take someone away from a loved one,” Bontempo said. “I am used to treating sick patients. Ill patients are always treated. Knowing that the patient you are treating is actually a risk to you is quite different. But the main difference here is that no one works at the hospital. I am afraid to treat the sick. I just want to keep the staff and patient safe at the same time. “
Reuters
3/13
Ernest Capadungan (29), a registered nurse working in a biological containment unit, takes pictures outside the hospital after a 12-hour shift. “The hardest moment during the shift was just seeing a Covid patient being helpless and dying without a family beside him,” Capadngan said.
Reuters
4/13
Martin Bell, 41, an emergency department nurse, takes a photo after a six-hour shift outside the hospital where he works. “The hardest thing of all of these has been taking care of fellow health care providers. It really hits the house and now you find someone you could come in and take care of them now. It’s really scary when I am, and I will take care of the public when my healthcare provider begins to get sick. ” “It’s very stressful and everyone is at the edge. I know who comes next, how sick they are, whether we get a lot of people, whether we don’t Nobody can get it, it’s a really stressful and totally unusual time for all of us. ”
Reuters
5/13
A registered nurse working in biocontainment, Kaitlyn Martiniano, 25, takes pictures outside the hospital after a 12.5 hour shift. “We have a lot of patients, and we’re pretty sick right now, but we haven’t been hit as hard as New York or Seattle, so we’ve been very lucky so far. Be optimistic every day. You need to, “Martiniano said. “The reason we aren’t hit that hard right now is that so many are closed and so many are staying at home.”
Reuters
6/13
Intensive Care Unit (ICU) nurse Tracy Wilson (53) takes a photo outside the hospital where she works, after a 12-hour shift. “I had a patient fallen out of bed today, I had to call his wife and tell her, and she begged her to come to see him Could not come to see him, “Wilson said. “There are many unknowns, and there are a lot of anxiety and stress that we are not used to dealing with.”
Reuters
7/13
Meghan Sheehan, 27, is a nurse in the emergency department, and takes a photo after a 12-hour shift outside the hospital where she works. “I think the hardest thing for me was the fear of living within us all. There are many unknown problems now. I am afraid of what will happen tomorrow and what the emergency department will look like next week. I’m afraid, I’ll talk to my co-workers about whether they will get sick, fear that we can be asymptomatic carriers and bring the virus back to our families and loved ones. There was a lot of fear about our supply and whether we would be gone, and obviously we would see the patient and do everything we could normally to save the patient’s life. You can’t do that, “said Shihan.
Reuters
8/13
Kimberly Bowers, 44, ICU’s nurse practitioner, takes pictures outside the hospital after a 13-hour shift. “The most difficult moment was a young woman who died and her family couldn’t stay with her,” Bowers said. “For now, I’m scared to be frustrated just because I don’t know what will happen next.”
Reuters
9/13
Tiffany Fair, 25, a registered nurse working in the BioContainment Unit, takes a photo outside his / her hospital where he works, after a 13-hour shift. “One of the most difficult moments was meeting a family of Covid patients and leaving the room to say goodbye to the iPad. It was hard. I can’t imagine how hard it is to say goodbye. Without seeing my loved ones, they are gone. ” “My team was really great for me. We really worked well together and we really got together in this crisis. We do not know each other well. We are the same We’re from different departments in the hospital, and we’ve come together to work well as a team. It was a journey, and I think it gives me hope. ”
Reuters
10/13
Dr. Kyle Fischer, 35, is an emergency physician and takes pictures outside the hospital where he works, after a 12-hour shift. “We haven’t used it since it’s a new virus. Most illnesses aren’t used to seeing and caring for it, so there’s no starting point. I know what I’m listening to I’ve read all the papers from New York on what it looks like, but no one knows what the correct answer is, so there’s a lot of uncertainty and people are really, really sick So it’s hard to guess again. When I think I’m right, I’m doing the right thing, but I don’t know at all. “
Reuters
11/13
Julia Trainor, a 23-year-old registered nurse at the Surgery ICU, takes pictures outside the hospital after a 14-hour shift. “The hardest part was having to insert a breathing tube into a patient who was unable to breathe on her own. After the breathing tube came in, we called her family. The husband couldn’t go to her because of the restrictions, so he had to make a phone call and put the phone in her ear.He loved her so much and she cried “I had to wipe away my tears when I was there.” “I’m used to seeing very sick patients and dying patients, but there’s nothing like this. Press the switch. It’s completely isolated without support, some of them are so sick, some of them heal, some of them don’t heal, but the hardest thing is to experience this sensation like they are alone I think I have to do it. “
Reuters
12/13
Lisa Mehring, a registered nurse working in a biocontainment unit with Covid-19 patients, takes a picture 12.5 hours after a shift outside a hospital working in Maryland. “Seeing these new moms have babies is at the hardest moment with doing their pumps for new moms and because they can’t be with their newborn It’s hard to think of their missingness as a family. ”
Photo reuters
13/13
A 30-year-old Jacqueline Hamil, a registered nurse in the emergency department, takes a picture after a 12-hour shift outside the hospital. “I was in charge of the most difficult moment of my shift today. We have a really sick patient in a really very small room, and usually when we have a patient who crashed due to illness, a lot of resources And a ton of staff will help the nurse and the doctor who is taking care of the patient, but once the patient is excluded for the coronavirus, There were only 5 or 6 people in the room, and the gowns, gloves, masks, and face shields to protect us were there, in case they were infected with a coronavirus, as it took time. The nurse is going to be in a room you know. It was hard to be in charge, she knew she was locked up in the room and I couldn’t do anything to help her. ” I said.
Reuters
“It makes up about half your blood volume and carries red and white blood cells and platelets around your body.”
Once recovered from the virus, plasma contains antibodies that help fight future infections. This is called convalescent plasma.
Why does the NHS need plasma?
Health agencies recently evaluated plasma donations from 435 recovered coronavirus patients.
“We are very pleased to announce that Dr. Robert Roberts, NHSBT’s Medical Director of Blood Donation, said: “Seriously ill people produce more antibodies that can be transfused to help others.
“The evidence so far is that men and the elderly are making the effects of coronavirus more serious,” he said.
They found that men were likely to have significantly higher plasma antibody levels than women. On the other hand, 70% of patients at the former hospital had adequate plasma antibody levels, whereas 31% of donors who tested positive were not hospitalized.
In addition, only 10% under the age of 35 were found to have sufficiently high levels of antibodies, compared to 31% between the ages of 35 and 45 and 40% over the age of 45.
How does convalescent plasma help patients treated with coronaviruses?
When a patient recovers from a coronavirus, their immune system produces antibodies found in plasma that may help treat others.
The NHS outlines that this antibody-rich plasma “can be transfused into patients whose immune system has a hard time developing unique antibodies.”
28 days after the patient’s plasma was collected “immediately” from the patient COVID-19, “It is desired” that their plasma “contains high levels of this neutralizing antibody”.
This in turn should help other patients currently afflicted with the virus “improve the rate of recovery and chances of survival.”
this processing Is currently undergoing national clinical trials and is planned to be widely available throughout the hospital in the future.
How is plasma donation made?
“Two clinical trials have been approved to determine if the plasma donated by patients who have recovered from Covid-19 can help people fight disease,” the NHS says.
These clinical trials are being conducted in collaboration with the NHSBT Clinical Trials Unit.
The NHS will build the ability to allow blood plasma to be collected “on a large scale” and delivered to patients “if blood transfusions have been shown to help patients”.
Once you arrive to donate the plasma, the process will take about 45 minutes.
Who can donate plasma?
In order to survive as a plasma donor, Covid-19 must be positive or show clear symptoms of the virus.
However, priority is given to donors who have confirmed coronavirus test results, those who are already blood donors, and “healthy enough to donate.”
“It is important that the donors have time to recover and their bodies develop a good antibody response.” health Service status.
“For these reasons, we are currently collecting plasma within 28 days of recovery.”
When you submit an application to become a plasma donor, you must meet certain “qualification criteria” and be able to travel. Plasma collection venue.
There are 23 donor centers in London, Manchester, Cambridge, Luton, Nottingham, Sheffield, Leicester, Bradford, Leeds, Newcastle, Lancaster, Liverpool, Stoke, Birmingham, Bristol, Gloucester, Oxford, Southampton, Pool and Plymouth.
Is anyone restricted to donate plasma?
The NHS states that no one “on the basis of sexuality” is prevented from becoming a plasma, blood, or platelet donor.
However rule For plasma donors, it’s the same as for whole blood donors, which includes restrictions on male donors having sex with men.
“Every man has to wait three months after having oral or anal sex with another man before donating,” said the NHS.
“This rule applies to all men, regardless of sexual orientation, regardless of whether they have a stable relationship or use protection such as condoms or pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).”
The NHS has outlined that this rule has been applied to mitigate the risk of a “most recently infected infection” not being detected.
“At the population level, men who have sex with men are at increased risk of certain infections through sex,” he added.
Earlier this month, Andy Roberts, a paramedic, was banned from taking part in the plasma test after telling the operator by phone that he had a homosexual relationship.
Said his partner, Keith Ward ITV news He felt “very angry”.
“We’ve been monogamous for over 30 years and we weren’t aware of this exorbitant three-month rule,” he said.
“It’s safer to be sleeping straight with another person every weekend, as it only indicates that being gay in the UK is still considered a form of pollution. [the rules]. “
Laura Russell, Stonewall Policy Director, The above “Who should be allowed to donate blood or plasma should be based on individual risk assessments, not on people’s sexual orientation,” he said.
To become a plasma donor, contact NHSBT at 0300 123 23 23 or visit http: //www.nhsbt.nhs.uk.
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