Health
“Super neuron” that enhances memory discovered in the brain of Super Ager
Scientists studying the brains of so-called “superagers” have discovered a significantly enlarged set of neurons associated with memory. These neurons also appeared to be more resistant to features of Alzheimer’s disease, emerging as a unique biological feature these subjects may have had throughout their lives.
Super-Agers are the group over 80 years old with exceptional episodic memory, at least comparable to those who are 20 to 30 years younger. Research into why these super-ager brains differ from the brains of typical older adults has yielded some interesting insights over the past few years related not just to memory, but how to keep neurodegeneration at bay.
PET scans show that these brains contain far fewer toxic brain aggregates plaque When Tangle These are associated with Alzheimer’s disease, and MRI scans show they have neural networks and connectivity similar to the young adult brain.other the study Regarding visual memory, we specifically found that their brain activity may resemble that of a 25-year-old.
Based on this, a new study was conducted by researchers at Northwestern University. The study focuses on the entorhinal cortex, the brain region responsible for memory and one of the first areas affected by Alzheimer’s disease. The team studied six of his postmortem SuperAger brains and found larger, healthier neurons in one of the six layers that make up this region. These neurons were compared and found to be significantly larger than those of 7 elderly, 6 young subjects, and 5 early Alzheimer’s patients with average cognitive performance.
Neurons in the entorhinal cortex are known to be highly vulnerable to brain tangles composed of abnormal tau proteins, a hallmark of aging and early Alzheimer’s disease. However, scientists found that SuperAger neurons contain significantly fewer of these tangles. This is likely related to its large size. They say that this finding indicates that neurons that escape initiation of tangle formation are better able to maintain their structural integrity, although tau tangles appear to lead to neuronal contraction.
“This study shows that in Alzheimer’s disease, shrinkage (atrophy) of neurons in the entorhinal cortex appears to be a characteristic marker of the disease,” said lead author Tamar Gefen. I’m here. “This process is thought to be a function of tau tangle formation in affected cells that leads to impaired memory performance in older adults. Identifying this contributor (and all contributors) is , is essential for early identification and monitoring of Alzheimer’s disease to guide treatment.”
Scientists take these results as evidence that these larger neurons are a key pillar of the extraordinary memory found in super-agers. We hope to delve further into why these neurons are better maintained in the brains of super-agers by investigating the underlying reasons.
“The striking observation that superagers displayed larger neurons than their younger peers may suggest that large cells are present from birth and are structurally maintained throughout life.” Gefen said. “We conclude that larger neurons are a biological hallmark of the superaging trajectory.”
This research neuroscience journal.
sauce: Northwestern University
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