Health
Visceral fat can promote aggression
The association between higher visceral fat metabolism and aggressive diseases may possibly be driven by multiple mechanisms
Jostein Sæterstøl
Researchers at Haukeland University Hospital and Bergen University analyzed PET/CT scans in 274 women with endometrial cancer and measured glucose uptake in visceral fat as an indicator of metabolic activity. They found that women with higher metabolic activity – assessed by mean glucose intake in visceral adipose tissue – are more likely to present with advanced stage disease and lymph node metastasis. “Higher metabolic activity in visceral fat was significantly associated with the presence of more advanced cancer stages and lymph node metastasis,” explained the lead authors Jostein Sæterstøl, PhD candidates and MSC. “In particular, we did not see a strong correlation between the amount of visceral fat and its metabolic activity. This suggests that the link to disease aggression is related not only to the amount of fat, but also to its biological activity.”
“The association between higher visceral fat metabolism and aggressive disease is probably driven by multiple mechanisms,” Sæterstøl said. “Chronic inflammation of visceral fat can release cytokines and fatty acids that promote tumor growth and immune evasion. Inflammation is also known to induce insulin resistance, another risk factor for cancer progression. Additionally, a molecule known as adipoquine, crosstalk between adipoquine, particularly supports cancer spreads.
Measuring visceral fat metabolism with PET/CT is not ready for routine clinical use due to technical challenges and variations. However, future approaches such as standardized imaging analysis, advanced quantitative PET technology, and artificial intelligence could help identify high-risk patients, guide treatment decisions, and monitor disease progression.
Future research will focus on improving measurement methods, improving accuracy through AI-based segmentation, and investigating links between visceral fat metabolism and circulating biomarkers such as cytokines and hormones. The researchers also plan to investigate the association with tumor genome profiles and assess whether temporal changes in visceral fat activity are associated with disease progression or therapeutic response.
References:
- SæterstølJ, Lavik J, Lunde LP et al. Is visceral adipose tissue metabolism related to the aggression of endometrial cancer? It was announced at EANM'25 on Sunday, October 5th, 2025.
- Fasmer, Ke, Sæterstøl, J., Ljunggren, Mbs et al. Abdominal fat distribution in endometrial cancer: from diagnosis to follow-up. BMC Cancer 25, 879 (2025).
- Van Den Bosch Aas, Pijnenborg JMA, Romano A., Winkens B., van der Putten LJM, Kruitwagen RFPM, & Werner HMJ (2023). Effects of adipose tissue distribution on endometrial cancer: a systematic review. Frontiers of Oncology, 13, Article 1182479.
- Fontana L, Eagon JC, Trujillo ME, Scherer PE, Klein S. Visceral fat adipokine secretion is associated with systemic inflammation in obese humans. Diabetes. 2007; 56(4): 1010-1013.
- De Mutsert R, Gast K, Widya R, et al. The association between abdominal subcutaneous fat and visceral fat, insulin resistance and secretion differs between men and women. Netherlands epidemiology of obesity research. Metacindodoriterat disorder.
- Britton KA, Massaro JM, Murabito JM, Kreger BE, Hoffmann U, Fox CS. Body fat distribution, accidental cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality. circulation. 2013; 128 (22): 2317-2324.
sauce: European Association of Nuclear Medicine
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