Health
South Sudan confirms vaccine-derived polio outbreak
Health officials in South Sudan confirmed a new outbreak of polio just months after declaring a wild-type deadly virus eradicated in the youngest country in Africa.
The Ministry of Health said 15 cases of vaccine-derived polio, a rare disease that occurs when a weakened virus in a vaccine mutates, have been identified in the northwestern part of the country.
“Yes, vaccine-derived polio is occurring and is being worked on by the Ministry of Health and its partners. I think it is under control,” said Dr. John Pasquale Romnu, Director of Preventive Health Services, Ministry of Health. Told. Reporter.
“It affected quite a few counties and states.”
On August 25, South Sudan was one of four African countries and was confirmed to have eradicated wild poliovirus within its borders. This allowed the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare that there were no catastrophic diseases throughout the continent.
This is the second time that a deadly virus has been declared eradicated in Africa since smallpox 40 years ago.
However, fanfare was short-lived. Just two days later, the United Nations confirmed that more than 12 cases of vaccine-derived polio had occurred in nine states across Sudan.
Health experts say that this version of the disease affects countries with low immunization rates and poor hygiene, and can be transmitted through contaminated water and food.
The polio vaccine given to children contains evidence of a weakened virus. It passes through the faeces, and under appropriate conditions, spreads throughout the unvaccinated community and mutates along the way.
Mayien Machut, Deputy Secretary of State for Health in South Sudan, said the country’s status as free of wild poliovirus has been maintained, but it is working with WHO to control outbreaks from this vaccine.
“We’re going to contain it,” he said.
Oral vaccines given to infants are very effective against polio around the world.
Vaccine-derived outbreaks are thwarted by using the same health strategies as eradicated wild polio.
This includes rigorous population monitoring and ensuring high immunization rates.
Polio, the medical term for polio, is an acutely infectious and infectious virus that attacks the spinal cord and causes irreversible paralysis in children.
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