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Twelve years after devastating earthquake in Haiti, new report recommends key USAID reforms – Eurasia Review
Twelve years after the 2010 earthquake that devastated Haiti, a new report from the Center for Economics and Policy Research (CEPR) examines US aid failures in Haiti, identifies several fundamental reasons why US aid has not yielded measurable and lasting improvements, and suggests many reasons. Possible reforms to how USAID operates in Haiti.
Capacity Development for Who? An Agenda for USAID Reform in Haiti, by Jake Johnston and Annie Lorentzen, identifies several institutional and systemic problem areas relevant to USAID operations outside Haiti, and builds on 12 years of investigation of USAID operations International Development in Haiti and on interviews with development experts, leaders of Haitian organizations, individuals who work with USAID contractors, USAID officials, and congressional staff.
“Twelve years ago, the US government pledged to ‘build back better’ in Haiti,” said research co-author Jake Johnston. “But the US response is now being remembered for diverting millions of dollars to contractors in the Beltway as Haitian organizations bypassed, for their lack of transparency, and broken promises while the people of Haiti suffered.”
The report identifies several major problems in USAID operations that persisted despite reform efforts:
USAID is overly dependent on a small cadre of largely US-based contractors, Agency staffing levels remain woefully inadequate, USAID reform efforts have rarely been accompanied by legislative action, and organizational culture and racism play out Methodology plays a role.
Johnston and Lorentzen showed that only 3 percent of USAID spending went directly to companies or private organizations based in Haiti, while more than half of USAID spending went to a handful of companies in Washington, DC; Maryland. and Virginia. The largest recipients, Chemonics International and Development Alternatives Inc. , are two for-profit companies that have received 20 percent of all USAID contracts and grants to work in Haiti over the past decade or more, and are among the largest recipients of USAID funding worldwide.
The report suggests the following reforms should be made if USAID really wants to help Haiti.” [its] own development journey to self-reliance” (including but not limited to USAID goals):
establish a permanent presence outside Port-au-Prince; Conduct a mapping exercise to identify local organizations in Haiti; make every effort to empower the local mission and local staff; Create a pilot program focused on supporting local partners; Fully integrate community participation and feedback into the contracting process; Provide direct support to the Directorate General of Civil Protection in Haiti (DGPC).
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