Scotland vs Denmark Hampden celebrations cause 'a very small earthquake'

Scotland's victory over Denmark not only delighted fans but briefly shook the ground beneath Glasgow, according to scientists.

The British Geological Survey (BGS) captured noticeable tremors during the epic clash at Hampden, sparked by tens of thousands of fans reacting as the national team reached the Men's World Cup for the first time since 1998.

It is estimated that the energy released amounts to about 200 kilowatts, which is equivalent to 25-40 car batteries or a football traveling at a speed of about 900 meters per second (2013 miles per hour).

The Glasgow Geothermal Observatory in Dalmarnock, about two kilometers from the stadium, recorded the highest heights between 9:48pm and 9:50pm.

SNS Group Scotland's Kenny McLean celebrates after scoring a goal to make it 4-2 to SNS Group

Kenny McLean's goal from his own half to make it 4-2 produced a palpable jolt of seismic activity – followed by another climax when the full-time whistle sealed Scotland's place in the World Cup.

The modest increase in vibration also coincided with Kieran Tierney's third stoppage-time goal.

Seismologist Callum Harrison from the British Geological Survey spoke to STV News about the event, which was likened to a “very small” earthquake.

“The energy we see from fans jumping up and down and jumping on the ground takes the form of seismic waves,” he said.

“Throughout the day there will be a certain level of ambient seismic noise coming from people going about their business in Glasgow such as cars and construction.

“But we saw towards the end of the game a number of peaks in the signal, in particular around two very clear spikes coinciding with what we believe was the final goal and at full-time, a minute apart.”

British Geological Survey A graph of Tuesday's seismic activity from the British Geological Survey British Geological Survey

Callum added: “As long as you have tens of thousands of people attending a high-energy event, they will produce those signals. It just so happens that we notice those signals, whereas in other stadiums, like Wembley, we don't have that equipment.”

Taylor Swift's fans also moved the ground at the three star's shows at Murrayfield Stadium last summer, reaching a peak of 80 kilowatts of power on Friday night.

Oasis took the top spot as Edinburgh's most seismic act, clocking in at 215 kilowatts at their 2009 concert – enough to power around 30 motorbikes featured on the cover of their iconic 'Be Here Now' album.

But Callum stressed that the events cannot be compared.

He added: “It's not possible to make a direct comparison between Hampden and Murrayfield – the big deal you'll see is the stadium depends on the local conditions and geology, and they'll be different.”

SNS GroupFans are celebrating full-time as Scotland secure their place in the World Cup finals, which are set to take place in the USA, Canada and Mexico next summer. A 2.5 magnitude earthquake has been detected in Highland Perthshire.

While the Hampden tremors were merely fan-generated vibrations, a real earthquake was detected in Highland Perthshire in the early hours of Saturday 22 November.

The 2.5 magnitude event, recorded at Pubil, near Loch Lyon at 4.24am, follows 3.3 and 3.7 magnitude earthquakes in late October.

Callum said it was likely linked to the Highland Boundary Fault, which was active about 400 million years ago.

“After a large event like this, a very large amount of energy is put into the ground; the area around it is adjusting for the next few weeks or so for an earthquake of this size,” Callum said.

“Obviously we are quite far from active tectonic regions, such as Greece, Japan and the West Coast of the United States, but these forces still exist far beyond plate boundaries, and cause stress to build up on pre-existing faults.

“Once the pressure exceeds a certain limit, the faults can no longer support it and they explode. The buildup and release of pressure is what an earthquake is all about.”

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