Health
Beginning to understand the mysterious hepatitis surge in children
These cases are severe, with approximately 5% of infected children worldwide requiring liver transplantation and 22 deaths. And the cause of the outbreak was a mystery. These children usually do not have the virus that causes the disease.
The earliest and most obvious suspects were SARS-CoV-2, the virus behind covid-19, and adenovirus, a common virus that often causes symptoms like colds and flu. Adenovirus appeared to have surged as the blockade ended and people began to mix further after an unusually low period of infection.
To find out more, Ho has carefully studied some of the affected children with Emma Thomson, a professor of infectious diseases at the MRC University of Glasgow Virus Research Center, and her colleagues. In recent researchThe team evaluated nine children with mysterious Scottish hepatitis and compared them to 58 children without the condition.
The team studied blood, liver, and fecal samples taken from children, and throat and nose swabs. They usually couldn’t find the virus that causes hepatitis, but they did find the adenovirus in a sample from 6 out of 9 children.
The team also discovered an adeno-associated virus, or another virus called AAV-2. The virus was found in a sample of all nine children with unexplained hepatitis, but not in those who did not.
The virus is known to infect most people by the age of 10, and most people begin developing antibodies around the age of three. But Thomson says it has never been directly related to human illness.
This virus is unusual in that it can replicate and copy itself depending on other viruses. “In this case, I think the helper virus is an adenovirus,” Thomson told journalists at today’s virtual press conference. She added that adenovirus infection could have followed AAV2 infection, or both viruses could have been hit at the same time. “At this point, we don’t know which of these viruses are causing this condition,” Thomson said.
But viruses are not the end of the story. On genetic testing, the team found that children with unexplained hepatitis were much more likely to have a gene called DRB1 * 0401 — 89% of affected children carry this gene. Was there. This gene is known to affect the functioning of the immune system. In essence, the protein it encodes helps immune cells determine what to destroy.
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