Covid-19 seems to affect memory less than other aspects of cognition

To Grace Wade

People infected with covid-19 may have lingering deficits in many aspects of cognition, but memory seems to be less affected.

Although it is now widely accepted that covid-19 can prolong cognitive decline, among other symptoms, most of the previous studies evaluating this used tests to assess dementia. “These tests don’t provide very nuanced measurements, they don’t really measure different brain functions. connor wilde at Western University in Ontario, Canada.

To provide a more sensitive analysis, Wild and his colleagues used an online cognitive assessment tool from Cambridge Brain Sciences. This tool measures cognition using 12 tasks across his five domains of reasoning, verbal processing, memory, processing speed, and overall cognition.

The researchers asked 478 adults who had previously reported being infected with covid-19 to complete the test. About 14% said they were sick and hospitalized.

Researchers then compared the participants’ scores to those of 7832 people who had completed the assessment before the pandemic. They found that, on average, people who previously reported covid-19 infection had significantly lower overall cognitive scores. That equates to about 4.5 years of aging, says Wilde.

Covid-19 appeared to affect certain brain functions more than others. Processing speed was the slowest, Wild said, with an average score lower than the control group, corresponding to his 8.5 years of age. On average, those who reported being infected with covid-19 also had significantly lower scores in language processing and reasoning.

In particular, although the researchers found no significant differences in memory, other research“Memory is kind of an umbrella term that encapsulates several different kinds of memory,” says Wilde. He said the assessment tools used in the study were biased toward measuring short-term memory, which may explain the discrepancy.

Identifying the cognitive areas affected by Covid-19 could not only help us better understand the long covid, but also potentially develop more precise treatments for the condition, he said. Frederic Meunier at the University of Queensland, Australia.

For example, previous studies have shown a similar pattern of deficits – reduced processing and overall cognition, but not memory –. For people who don’t get enough sleepWilde suggests that the effects of covid-19 may be linked in some way to sleep disturbances.

However, because the study compared the scores of people with a history of covid-19 to those surveyed before the pandemic, the researchers cannot conclude that the observed differences were due to the disease. Wilde says the stress of living can also play a role.

“The next thing we’re working on is really looking at how people are doing compared to their pre-pandemic selves in terms of cognition,” he says.

Journal reference: cell report medicine, DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100750

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