Health
Bioprinting Shape Morphing Heart – RegMedNet
A new bioprinting technique has been developed to mimic the natural processes that occur during organ development to create tissues that rebuild themselves in response to forces generated by cells.
researchers galway university (Ireland) has created a bioprinting method that mimics the natural shape-changing process of biological tissues during organ development. This approach harnesses the forces generated by cells to facilitate these transformations, replicating how tissues naturally form and mature in the body. This work was led by a team from the Faculty of Engineering. Care Research Ireland Medical Device Center at the University of Galway.
Bioprinting is a 3D printing technique used to create biological structures such as tissues and organs by depositing layers of bioink. These bioinks combine living cells with matrices that support cell viability, proliferation, and differentiation while maintaining the structural integrity of the printed structures.
Despite the potential of bioprinting to create lab-grown organs that physically resemble their human counterparts, producing fully functional organs remains a significant challenge. is. For example, bioprinted heart tissue can contract, but its strength is often lacking compared to a healthy adult heart.
Traditional bioprinting typically focuses on replicating the final anatomy of an organ, but ignores the dynamic shape changes that occur during embryonic development. For example, the heart begins as a simple tube that bends and twists to grow into its mature four-chambered shape.
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Recognizing this limitation, researchers at the University of Galway have created an innovative bioprinting technology that incorporates these important shape-changing processes.
Ankita Pramanick, lead author of the study, explained: Using this new process, we found that shape morphing improves the structural and functional maturity of bioprinted heart tissue. ”
This study demonstrated that force generated by cells can promote shape transformation of bioprinted tissues. By adjusting certain factors, such as the initial geometry of the bioprinted structure and the stiffness of the bioink, researchers were able to control the extent of these shape changes. These transformations not only helped align cells within the tissue, but also improved the tissue's contractile ability, which is essential for functional performance, especially in applications like cardiac tissue.
Additionally, the team created a computational model that can predict how the bioprinted tissue will change during development. This predictive tool enables the design and optimization of bioprinting processes to produce more functional and mature tissues.
Although bioprinting functional tissue suitable for human transplantation remains a distant goal, this study brings us one step closer. Going forward, the team aims to focus future research on expanding its technology and integrating vascular networks into bioprinted tissues.
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