Health
Coronavirus reinfection months after recovery – what does this mean for immunity?
A 33 year old man Second SARS-CoV-2 infection About four and a half months after he received his first diagnosis, he recovered. The asymptomatic man was diagnosed when he returned to Hong Kong after a trip to Spain.
I am a virologist Having expertise in coronaviruses and enteroviruses, I have been interested in reinfection since the beginning of the pandemic. People infected with SARS-CoV-2 often become virus positive for weeks to months. Remaining RNA fragmentThe only real answer to the reinfection problem is to sequence the viral genome at each infection and look for differences in the genetic code.
No peer review report has been published for this man. Only a press release from the University of Hong Kong, but the research is reported to be published in a journal Clinical infection.. Here we address some of the questions raised in the current news report.
Why were men not immune to reinfection?
Immunity to endemic coronavirus-what causes cold symptoms- Relatively short-lived, Reinfection has occurred Even within the same season. Therefore, it is not entirely surprising that reinfection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, is possible.
Immunity is complex and involves multiple mechanisms In the body. This includes the production of antibodies by what is called the adaptive immune response, and the action of T cells that help educate the immune system and specifically eliminate virus-infected cells. But researchers around the world are still learning about immunity to the virus, and it is uncertain whether reinfection will cause widespread concern based on this one case.
How is the second strain infected by Hong Kong different?
A “strain” has a specific definition when referring to a virus. Often, another “lineage” is a virus that behaves differently in one way. The coronavirus that infected this man in Europe is probably not a new strain.
Ah STAT News Article Is Genetic organization of sequenced viruses 24 nucleotides from a second infection in a patient – a component of the viral RNA genome – differed SARS-CoV-2 isolate I got infected for the first time.
Because SARS-CoV-2 has a genome composed of approximately 30,000 nucleotides, the virus from a second male infection differed by approximately 0.08% from the original virus in the genomic sequence. This indicates that the virus that caused the second infection is a new virus. It is not the first virus recurrence.
The man was asymptomatic – what does that mean?
The man did not suffer from the characteristic symptoms of COVID-19. This may mean that he had some protective immunity against the second infection because he did not appear ill. But this is difficult to prove.
Three possible explanations are displayed. First, the immunity he gained from the first infection protected him and enabled a mild second infection. Another possibility is that he was presymptomatic, so the infection was mild and continued to develop symptoms the next day. Finally, infection with SARS-CoV-2 may be asymptomatic. At this time it is difficult to determine if this is due to a virus or a different host.
What can we say about reinfection based on this one case?
Only what seems possible only after enough time has passed. The likelihood and frequency of occurrence are unknown.
Should people who have recovered from COVID-19 still wear masks?
Since we are still learning how post-infection humans develop immunity to SARS-CoV-2, even after recovering from COVID-19, masking, hand hygiene, to prevent the possibility of re-infection. , It is recommended to continue the habit of keeping distance.
About the author
Megan Culler Freeman, MD, PhD are Fellow of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh
This article is courtesy conversation..
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