Health
Study: Ethnic diversity helps identify more genomic regions associated with diabetes
By including multi-ethnic participants, a large genetic study by the University of Exeter identified more regions of the genome associated with type 2 diabetes-related traits than if the study was conducted in Europe alone. did.
New findings published in Nature Genetics show that expanding research to different ancestors will yield more and better results, ultimately benefiting global patient care.
The international MAGIC collaboration, consisting of more than 400 global scholars, conducted a genome-wide meta-analysis led by the University of Exeter.
To date, nearly 87% of this type of genomic research has been done in Europe. This means that the way these findings are implemented may not provide optimal benefits to people from non-European ancestry.
The team analyzed data from a wide cohort, including more than 280,000 people without diabetes. Researchers have examined the glycemic properties used to diagnose diabetes and monitor blood sugar and insulin levels.
Researchers have integrated 30% of the entire cohort with individuals from East Asia, Hispanics, African Americans, South Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa. By doing so, they discovered 24 loci (or genomic regions) that were more relevant to glycemic properties than if they were studying only Europeans.
“Type 2 diabetes is an ever-increasing global health problem, with most of the largest increases occurring outside of Europe,” said Ines Barroso, a professor at the University of Exeter, who led the study.
There are many shared genetic factors among different countries and cultures, but our research teaches us that they are different in the way we need to understand. It’s important to ensure that we can provide a precise diabetes drug approach that optimizes the treatment and care of everyone, “added Barroso.
Dr. Ji Chen, Principal Author of the University of Exeter, “discovered 24 additional regions of the genome by including an ethnically diverse cohort than if we restricted our work to Europeans. Beyond the debate, our work shows that this approach produces better results to ensure that research reflects the world’s population. “
The team found that not all loci were detected in all ancestors, but they were still useful in obtaining information about the glycemic properties of that ancestor.
Co-author Cassandra Spracklen, an assistant professor at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, said: Ancestors do not work well with people of different ancestry. This is important as healthcare moves to a more accurate approach. Not considering genetic variation by ancestors affects the ability to accurately diagnose diabetes. ”
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