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Earth scientists are trying to solve the “mystery” of the earthquake-hit Azores island

Earth scientists are trying to solve the “mystery” of the earthquake-hit Azores island

 


An aerial view showing a crater near Vilas where small earthquakes were recorded on the island of São Jorge, Azores, Portugal, March 30, 2022. The image was taken with a drone. Photograph: Pedro Nunes/Reuters

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LISBON (Reuters) – Amid uncertainty, experts are scrambling for answers to explain the unusual seismic activity that has rocked the mid-Atlantic volcanic island of São Jorge in Portugal’s Azores archipelago for more than two weeks.

The island has experienced nearly 27,000 small tremors as of Tuesday, and there are fears that the activity could herald the first volcanic eruption since 1808 or a strong earthquake. Read more

“It’s a mystery, a mystery,” said seismologist Joao Fontilla, explaining that multiple tremors were common on other Azores but not São Jorge. “I still haven’t found a clear answer.”

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“Going from very few earthquakes to thousands is extraordinary,” he said.

Volcanic alert is at level 4, which means there is a “real possibility” that the volcano will erupt. The questions that remain unanswered are when and where on the island and if it will actually happen, Fontella said.

To date, all earthquakes recorded have been of tectonic rather than volcanic origin, with magnitudes reaching 3.8. If it becomes volcanic, this means that the magma is moving.

The number of daily earthquakes has decreased in recent days but experts are not sure if this trend will continue.

Indeed, a deformation has been detected in the Earth, Fontella said, which is unusual given the tectonic origin of the earthquakes and their low strength.

According to Fontella, the lack of previous studies on São Jorge makes it difficult to understand this phenomenon.

It’s not clear what type of eruption could occur, geologist Jose Madera said, adding that previous seismic events in São Jorge in 1580 and 1808 were marked by deadly lava flows.

Volcanologists also monitor soil gases and earthquake depths. Read more

São Jorge earthquakes occur at depths between 8 and 12 km. Madeira said that if a large number start appearing near the surface, it could indicate an imminent eruption.

The authorities warned that the situation could take an indefinite period of time.

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Reported by Catarina Damon; Editing by Frank Jack Daniel

Our Standards: Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

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