Remember the eruption of Mount Saint Helens after 42 years

57 people were killed when Mount St. Helens erupted on May 18, 1980. It is the deadliest volcanic eruption in US history.

Skamania County, Washington – Wednesday marks 42 years since the Mount St. Helens eruption in Washington State. The deadly explosion occurred just after 8:30 a.m. on May 18, 1980, after months of small eruptions and earthquakes.

The catastrophic explosion destroyed an area of ​​about 230 square miles, causing more than a billion dollars in damage.

57 people were killed, making it the deadliest volcanic eruption in US history.

The first sign of an eruption was recorded on March 20, 1980, when a 4.2-magnitude earthquake triggered avalanches in parts of the volcano, according to the United States Geological Survey (USGS).

Between March 20 and May 18 1980, more than 2,800 earthquakes were recorded at the volcano. A bulge began to develop on the left side of the volcano.

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A 5.1-magnitude earthquake struck the mountain on May 18, causing a bulge to explode and a landslide down the mountain. Once the bulge disappeared, the pressure of the volcanic magma system was relieved and the top of the mountain erupted, according to the USGS.

Archive photos: 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens

Ash, rocks and hot gases were emitted into the air. Ash covered the Pacific Northwest and spread to 11 states and Canada.

The explosion lowered the mountain’s height by 1,314 feet. The US Geological Survey said it only took two weeks for the ash from the eruption to circulate around the globe.

Autopsies showed that most of the people killed in the volcanic eruption probably died from asphyxiation after inhaling hot ash, according to the USGS.

In addition to the human lives lost, an estimated 7,000 large game animals – such as deer, elk, and bears – were also killed. Birds and small mammals also died.

The USGS reported that the explosion destroyed 158 miles of highways, 200 homes and 15 miles of rail.

WATCH: 1980 Coverage of the Mount St. Helens eruption

Washington State has removed about 900,000 tons of ash from highways and roads, according to the US Geological Survey. The International Trade Commission has put the total cost of damage and reconstruction efforts from the eruption at an estimated $1.1 billion.

Seismic activity around Mount St. Helens subsided after the mid-1980s. According to the USGS, the area has experienced the fewest earthquakes since the eruption ended in the early 2000s.

On September 23, 2004, the frequency of earthquakes increased, and a new formation was reported on the southeastern margin of Lavadom from 1980 to 1986, according to the USGS.

Related: How to Prepare for a Major Disaster in the Pacific Northwest

By September 26, 2004, scientists warned of an increased chance of an explosion from the dome.

The eruptions began on October 1, 2004, sending ash and gases into the air. In all, five explosions occurred as of October 5 of that year.

Two more “significant” eruptions occurred in 2005, the last one on March 8. Masses of rock fell hundreds of meters away, along with ash dust that ended up in Ellensburg, Yakima, and Topenish more than 90 miles away.

The USGS’ Cascades Volcano Observatory was established in the wake of the 1980 Mount St. Helens eruption to track volcanic activity from Mount Baker near the Canadian border to Crater Lake in Oregon.

Five of the volcanoes you track are in Washington State. In the 2018 update of the National Volcano Threat Assessment, Mount St. Helens ranked as the second largest threat in the United States, after Mount Kilauea in Hawaii.

Mount St. Helens remains the most active volcano in the Cascade Mountain Range. Among the volcanoes in the contiguous United States, they are most likely to erupt in the future and even “in our lifetime,” according to the USGS. However, a major avalanche or lateral eruption such as the one in 1980 due to the deep crater is not likely.

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