Study shows strong California earthquakes came after magnetic field changes

Researchers who have been studying moderate to large strong earthquakes in California found that the local magnetic field changes 2-3 days before the earthquake.

Seismologists hope their method can eventually be improved so that it can eventually be used to predict earthquakes after William Heflin and his team discovered that the magnetic field change in the signal was weak but statistically significant in one study.

A modest signal has been detected, said Dan Schneider, director of QuakeFinder. He said that although they don’t confirm that this signal always precedes earthquakes, it’s still very interesting.

A systems engineering services company called Stellar Solutions has an earthquake research division called QuakeFinder. Schneider is one of the authors of the recently published study.

The long-standing contentious concept

Although it has been discussed for a while, the idea that the magnetic field may change before strong earthquakes has been around for a while. According to the US Geological Survey, despite decades of research, there is still no conclusive evidence for the existence of the electromagnetic precursors of earthquakes.

The researchers were able to access magnetic field data from an array of magnetometers at 125 sensor stations along major faults in California in collaboration with the Google Accelerated Science team. They collected the information between 2005 and 2019, the period in which 19 earthquakes with a magnitude of 4.5 or higher hit the faults.

Their multi-station analysis took into account other types of operations, such as rush hour traffic, which may have an impact on magnetometers but are not linked to earthquakes. The biggest challenge in interpreting this data, according to Schneider, is distinguishing between this type of noise and potential earthquake-related signals. The researchers detected a signal of magnetic field changes 72 to 24 hours before the earthquakes after training their algorithms on 50% of the data set.

In the future, according to Schneider, he would like to improve the models, further, to take more background noise from magnetometers into account. In this study, for example, taking into account the typical effect of solar activity greatly improved the results. The team will use data from remote stations to continue their work and eliminate solar activity noise.

According to Schneider, the research indicates that there may be predictable differences in the magnetic field which, with further research and isolation, may one day support the development of the prediction system, Phys Org reports.

Read also: Magnitude 7.1 earthquake in California leaves huge cracks on Earth as seen from space

earthquakes

When two land masses suddenly move, an earthquake occurs. The level of error or error is the area in which you slip. An epicenter is the point on the Earth’s surface that lies directly above the epicenter, where the earthquake begins below the surface.

Smaller earthquakes that occur in the same area as a larger earthquake are known as earthquakes, and they can occur during an earthquake. Before a larger earthquake occurs, scientists cannot determine whether the earthquake was a harbinger.

Major impact is the term used to describe the largest earthquake. Aftershocks that follow major tremors are a foregone conclusion. These smaller subsequent earthquakes occur at the same site as the initial shock. Aftershocks can last for weeks, months, or even years after the main shock, depending on their size.

Related article: Earthquake followed by nearly 20 aftershocks in Northern California: USGS

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