Health
How alcohol consumption contributes to increased pain and hypersensitivity
Chronic alcohol consumption can make people more sensitive to pain through two different molecular mechanisms: alcohol intake and alcohol withdrawal. This is one of the new conclusions from Scripps Research scientists about the complex relationship between alcohol and pain.
Research published in British Journal of Pharmacology It also suggests a potential new drug target for treating alcohol-related chronic pain and hypersensitivity on April 12, 2023.
There is an urgent need to better understand the two-way path between chronic pain and alcoholism. Pain is a common symptom in alcoholics and a reason why people are driven to drink again.”
Dr. Marisa Roberto, Senior Author, Chair of the Schimmel Family of Molecular Medicine, Professor of Neuroscience at the Scripps Institute
According to the 2021 National Survey of Drug Use and Health, alcohol use disorders (AUD), which includes conditions commonly referred to as alcohol abuse, alcoholism, and alcoholism, affect 29.5 million people in the United States. Over time, AUD can lead to the development of numerous chronic diseases such as heart disease, stroke, liver disease and some cancers.
Pain is among the many effects of long-term alcohol consumption. More than half of people with AUD experience some form of persistent pain. This includes alcoholic neuropathy, nerve damage that causes chronic pain and other symptoms. Studies have also found that AUDs are also associated with changes in the way the brain processes pain signals and changes in the way immune system activation occurs. This pain, in turn, can lead to increased alcohol consumption. Additionally, during withdrawal, people with AUD may experience allodynia, in which innocuous stimuli are perceived as pain.
Roberto and her colleagues were interested in knowing the underlying causes of these different types of alcohol-related pain. A new study compared three groups of adult mice: Animals that were dependent (heavy drinkers), animals that had limited access to alcohol and were not considered dependent (moderate drinkers), and animals that were never given alcohol is.
In dependent mice, allodynia developed during alcohol withdrawal, and subsequent access to alcohol significantly reduced pain sensitivity. Separately, about half of the alcohol-independent mice also showed signs of increased pain sensitivity during alcohol withdrawal, but unlike dependent mice, this neuropathy was reversed upon re-exposure to alcohol. did not do it.
Roberto’s group then measured levels of inflammatory proteins in animals and found that inflammatory pathways were elevated in both dependent and non-dependent animals, but that certain molecules were elevated only in dependent mice. I discovered that there is This indicates that different molecular mechanisms may be causing her two types of pain. It also suggests which inflammatory proteins may be useful as drug targets to combat alcohol-related pain.
“These two types of pain are very different, so it’s important to be able to differentiate between them and develop different strategies to treat each type,” said lead author Dr. Vittoria Borgonetti.
Roberto’s group continues to explore ways to use these molecules to diagnose or treat alcohol-related chronic pain conditions.
“Our goal is to reveal new potential molecular targets that can be used to differentiate between these types of pain and that may be used in the future for the development of therapeutics,” University of Florence.
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Journal reference:
Borgonetti, and V. and others. (2023). Chronic alcohol induced mechanical allodynia by promoting neuroinflammation: a mouse model of alcohol-induced neuropathic pain. British Journal of Pharmacology. doi.org/10.1111/bph.16091.
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