Health
Newly identified cells could improve cancer treatment
Scientists seeking to improve survival rates for cancer patients say they have identified key features of the disease that could make treatment more effective.
The study, led by a team at the University of Southampton, aimed to find ways to make people respond better to immunotherapy.
treatment Kills cancer cells using the body's immune systembut at this time, the majority of cancer patients do not see any benefit from treatment.
By using tissue samples provided by patients at Poole Hospital, researchers said they had identified different types of cells that could improve the outcomes of immunotherapy.
Many patients experience serious side effects as a result of immunotherapy, including flare-ups and painful inflammation of the intestines, skin, and lungs.
But the hope is that newly recognized fibroblasts, a type of cell that surrounds tumors, will help the body's immune system attack tumors.
The £1.4 million study was part-funded by Cancer Research UK and led by Professor Gareth Thomas.
“We have spent a lot of time studying cell types that interfere with the proper action of immunotherapy, and we have discovered that certain cancer-associated fibroblasts that block the body's anti-tumor immune response. “We already knew it existed,” he said.
“In this study, we decided to do the opposite and try to better understand the cells that actively support anti-tumor immunity.”
To do this, the research team analyzed specific head and neck cancers that are known to elicit strong immune responses.
“Interestingly, within these cancers we found a type of fibroblast that appears to help stimulate anti-cancer immunity,” Professor Thomas said.
“We found these cells in other types of cancer and showed that patients whose cancers have more of these cells respond much better to immunotherapy.”
He added that the next step is to see if the findings can be used to “develop treatments that increase patient response to cancer immunotherapy.”
Ian Foulkes, executive director of research and innovation at Cancer Research UK, said the study was an “exciting development”, adding that he hoped it would lead to “better chances for patients” to receive immunotherapy. Ta.
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