Health
Can a diet rich in fruits and vegetables help reduce the risk of diabetes?
Ingestion of healthy plant-based foods such as fruits, vegetables, nuts, coffee and legumes generally has a low risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) in healthy people and their role in diabetes prevention. Supports.
Diabetes epidemics are primarily caused by unhealthy diets, overweight and obesity, genetic predisposition, and other lifestyle factors such as lack of exercise.
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A healthy diet rich in high-quality foods such as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables is associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes, but is associated with a fundamental basis. The mechanism is not fully understood.
The study, published in the journal Diabetologia, found that participants diagnosed with the disease consumed less healthy plant-based foods than participants who did not develop T2D.
In addition, they had a high average obesity index, had high blood pressure and cholesterol levels, used blood pressure and cholesterol medications, had a family history of diabetes, and were more likely to have less physical activity.
“Our findings support the beneficial role of a healthy plant-based diet in diabetes prevention and provide new insights for future research,” said Frank, Harvard TH Chan, Faculty of Public Health, Faculty of Nutrition. Professor Hu said.
In this study, the team performed an analysis of plasma samples and dietary intake of 10,684 participants.
The team distinguished between healthy and unhealthy plant-based foods according to their association with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, certain cancers, and other conditions such as obesity and high blood pressure.
They found that plant-based diets were associated with unique polymetabolite profiles, and that these patterns differed significantly between healthy and unhealthy plant-based diets.
Further analysis adjusts the levels of trigonelline, hypraate, isoleucine, a small set of triacylglycerols (TAG), and some other intermediate metabolites, after which the association between the plant-based diet and type 2 diabetes is largely eliminated. It has been suggested that they may play an important role in linking their diet to accidental diabetes.
For example, trigonelline is found in coffee and has shown beneficial effects on insulin resistance in animal studies. High levels of hyplat, on the other hand, are associated with improved glycemic control, increased insulin secretion, and a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes.
The team suggests that these metabolites can be further investigated and may provide an explanation of the mechanism by which a plant-based diet has beneficial effects on the risk of type 2 diabetes. doing.
More than 90% of cases of diabetes are type 2, and this condition poses a major health threat to the world.
The global prevalence of the disease in adults has more than tripled within 20 years, with cases increasing from about 150 million in 2000 to more than 450 million in 2019, 2045. It is projected to increase to about 700 million people a year.
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