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Major Research Finds Fatty Acids That Kill Cancer Cells

 


Major Research Finds Fatty Acids That Kill Cancer Cells
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Washington: In a major study, researchers have shown that a fatty acid called dihomogamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) can kill human cancer cells.

This study, published at Developmental Cell, found that DGLA can induce ferrocytosis in animal models and in actual human cancer cells. Ferrotosis is an iron-dependent type of cell death that has been recently discovered and is closely linked to many disease processes, making it the focus of disease research.

“The accurate delivery of DGLA to cancer cells can promote ferrocytosis and lead to tumor cell death,” said Jennifer Watts, a research author at Washington State University in the United States.

“Also, just knowing that this fat promotes ferrocytosis can influence our thinking about conditions such as kidney disease and neurodegeneration that we want to prevent this type of cell death,” Watts said. Added.

The research team found that DGLA is a polyunsaturated fatty acid rarely found in the human body. Compared to other fatty acids such as those found in fish oil, DGLA has been relatively poorly studied. Watts has been studying dietary fats, including DGLA, for nearly 20 years using the nematode’Caenorhabditis elegans’ as an animal model.

C. elegans, a microscopic worm, is transparent and is often used in molecular studies because scientists can easily study cell-level activity throughout the animal with a relatively short life span.

The results found in C. elegans cells can often be transferred to human cells. The team found that feeding the nematodes a bacterial diet containing DGLA killed not only all the germ cells in the worm, but also the stem cells that made them.

The way cells died carried many signs of ferrocytosis.

To see if the results would be converted to human cells, the Watts team worked with Scott Dixon at Stanford University, who has been studying ferrocytosis and the potential for fighting cancer for many years. Building on what they learned from the nematode study, they showed that DGLA can induce ferrocytosis in human cancer cells.

They also found an interaction with another fatty acid class called ether lipids that had a protective effect on DGLA. Cells died faster in the presence of DGLA when they removed the ether lipids.

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