Health
Better masks and proper ventilation can reduce the spread of COVID-19 virus in closed spaces
Studies have increasingly shown that the COVID-19 virus can be transmitted through small droplets floating in the air, wearing a mask to combat its spread in indoor environments such as prisons, hospitals, and meat stuffing. And there is growing concern that current public health guidelines for social distance are inadequate. Plants that tend to be crowded with people.
Most studies focus on coughing and sneezing. However, studies on how simple breathing contributes to the spread of the virus in the air are rare.
In AIP Publishing by AIP Publishing, researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar said they would wear masks when indoors were breathing or participating in regular conversations, even if there was no risk of coughing or sneezing. It also shows that social distance is important. They also found that mask leaks in the same scenario present a notable challenge in preventing the spread of the virus.
Our findings indicate the need for a good ventilation system that takes into account 5-10% of aerosolized particle leaks that occur in each respiratory cycle as a way to reduce droplet concentration in confined spaces. I will. Innovations in mask design are also needed to reduce leakage of droplets on the sides and bottom while providing ample facial comfort. “
Venugopal Arumuru, Study Author, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar
In the setup, a mechanical breathing simulator was connected to a 5’8 inch high mannequin for normal breathing and moderate breathing, resting, walking, talking, participating in assembly, etc. We simulated a slightly longer breathing typical of healthy adults involved in the activity. work.
Researcher evaluated Effectiveness of Different mask types, mask and shield combinations, and use of face shields only.
The fog generator was filled with a mixture of water and glycerin, emulating the consistency of saliva droplets in the diameter range of 1-10 micrometers, reflecting aerial propagation. The droplet exposure was illuminated and captured by a video camera.
Researchers have found that if the face is not covered, droplets from the breath can travel up to 4 feet in 5 seconds.
Commercially available 5-layer masks have been found to provide the best protection by providing complete protection of the front of the face, minimizing leakage under the chin. Commercially available N-95 masks prevent the leakage of droplets on the front, but the leakage of the gap between the mask and the nose was noticeable.
Leakage from the front of the surgical mask was apparent, although the addition of the face shield increased the droplet limit.
“But in hospitals and other places where it is difficult to follow strict social distance guidelines due to concerns about significant droplets sinking under the shield, pairing the surgical mask with the shield is not appropriate,” Almur said. Mr. says.
Source:
Journal reference:
Hill, Maryland, et al.. (2021) Prospects for ceramic materials for 5G wireless communication systems. Applied Physics Letter.. doi.org/10.1063/5.0036058..
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