Health
New antiplatelet drugs show promise in treating heart attacks
image: Xiaoping Du, Professor of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, UIC School of Medicine
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Credit: Joshua Clark / University of Illinois at Chicago
Researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago have developed new drugs that prevent blood clots without increasing the risk of bleeding, a common side effect of all currently available antiplatelet drugs.
New research published in journals Science Translational Medicine Describes the drug and its delivery mechanism and shows that it is an effective treatment for heart attack in animal models.
The research was led by Xiaoping Du, a UIC professor of pharmacology and regenerative medicine in the School of Medicine.
“Unfortunately, current antiplatelet drugs not only prevent the blood clots that cause heart attacks and strokes, but they also impair the ability of platelets to stop bleeding when blood vessels are breached,” Du said. “In some cases, severe bleeding can be life-threatening. The magic of this new drug is to prevent the clots that other drugs have failed, but not to make it easier for people to bleed.”
In a previous study, Du and his colleagues identified a signaling mechanism that is important in the blood coagulation process but is not required for the ability of platelets to attach to wounds and prevent bleeding. Based on this finding, researchers have engineered nanoparticles that target peptides through signaling mechanisms and successfully deliver them to platelets.
Next, a peptide-derived nanoparticle drug called HLPN’s M3mP6 high-loading peptide nanoparticles was tested in mice as a potential treatment for heart attack.
Du said heart attacks can cause heart failure and death in two different ways. One is from the initial damage caused by a blood clot, which blocks blood flow and reduces oxygen supply. It is usually treated with a procedure called angioplasty and a stent to open the artery and, in combination with antiplatelet drugs, prevents the artery from coagulating again. But fresh blood flowing into damaged heart tissue after reopening an artery can cause inflammation, leaking or clotting small blood vessels, and potentially damaging the heart, Du said.
“This is called reperfusion injury and is the second way a heart attack can lead to heart failure and death,” Du said. “We hope this new drug, which does not cause vascular leakage, will help limit reperfusion injury and reduce the chances of heart failure and death, and our hypothesis proved correct-we did We have seen very promising results from our study.”
Studies have shown reduced damage to the heart, reduced coagulation, and reduced inflammation among treated mice given as injections. There were also improvements in cardiac function and survival.
“It’s very exciting to see such promising results in the lab, and I’d love to test this in humans one day,” Du said.
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The co-authors of the dissertation are Aiming Pan, Nichen, Yuzi Ekuy, Yang Yang Bai, Zigu Hong, Yapin Chan, Claire Chan, Kan Wan, Alexander Zakarov, Kasim Kabilov, Jarry Slehmann, Aslar Malik, Alexander Lubimov. And UIC Regenerative Medicine; UIC Chemical Engineering Departments Chang Liu, Paola Leon Plata, and Ying Liu. Dupage Medical Technology Inc. M. Keegan Delaney, Randal Skidgel, and Minyi Gu.
This work is partially supported by National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (HHSN268201400007C, HHSN268201700002C, RO1HL080264, RO1HL062350, RO1HL125356, R43 HL142396, R01HL045638, P01HL060678, P01HL077806).
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