Health
How visual impairment affects dementia in older adults
Top line:
Vision problems are linked to 19% of dementia in older adults, so addressing vision problems may help prevent dementia.
Methodology:
- The researchers conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the National Health and Aging Survey (NHATS).
- The analysis included 2,767 US adults aged 71 years or older (54.7% women, 45.3% men; 8% non-Hispanic black, 81.7% Hispanic, 81.7% non-Hispanic white, 3.3% non-Hispanic other).
- Visual impairment was defined based on the World Health Organization criteria of 2019. Near and distance visual impairment was defined as greater than 0.30 logMAR, and contrast sensitivity impairment was identified by a score less than 1.55 logCS.
- Dementia was classified using a standardized algorithm developed by NHATS, which incorporates a battery of tests measuring cognition, memory, and orientation. Alzheimer's diseaseor a diagnosis of dementia by the patient or a proxy, and an informant questionnaire (Ascertain Dementia-8 Dementia Screening Interview).
- The study analysed data from 2021 and the primary outcome was the population attributable fraction (PAF) of dementia due to visual impairment.
remove:
- The PAF for dementia with at least one visual impairment was 19% (95% CI, 8.2-29.7).
- Contrast sensitivity impairment had the highest PAF of all other visual impairments, at 15% (95% CI, 6.6-23.6), which was higher than the 9.7% (95% CI, 2.6-17.0) for near visual impairment and 4.9% (95% CI, 0.1-9.9) for distance visual impairment.
- The highest PAF for visual impairment-related dementia was among participants aged 71 to 79 years (24.3%; 95% CI, 6.6-41.8), women (26.8%; 95% CI, 12.2-39.9), and non-Hispanic white participants (22.3%; 95% CI, 9.6-34.5).
Exercise:
“While not proving causality, these findings support that incorporating multiple objective measures of visual impairment, such as contrast sensitivity and visual acuity, can provide a comprehensive view of the potential impact of managing visual impairment on dementia,” the study authors wrote.
sauce:
The study was led by Dr. Jason R. Smith of the Department of Epidemiology at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore. Publish online On September 5th JAMA Ophthalmology.
Limitations:
Limited sample sizes in American Indian, Alaska Native, Asian, and Hispanic groups prevented the researchers from calculating the PAF for these populations. The cross-sectional study design prevented the researchers from examining the relationship between timing of vision loss and dementia diagnosis. The study did not explore the association between other measures of vision and dementia. People with early cognitive impairment may not have updated their glasses, affecting their visual function. The study findings may not apply to institutionalized older adults.
Disclosure:
Jennifer A. Diehl, PhD, MHS Frontiers in epidemiologyNicholas S. Reed, AuD, PhD, reported receiving stock options outside the submitted work from Velux Stiftung, and the Medical Education Speakers Network. No other disclosures reported.
This article was created using multiple editorial tools, including AI as part of the process; a human editor reviewed this content before publishing.
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Sources 2/ https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/link-between-vision-impairment-and-dementia-older-adults-2024a1000g9f The mention sources can contact us to remove/changing this article |
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