Health
Biomarker Differences in People With Genetic Risks for Alzheimer’s Disease-Study
Extensive research on blood indicators suggests differences in people at genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease.
Studies have found a link between neuroinflammation and cholesterol biomarkers in people with a genetically high risk of Alzheimer’s.
The most common form of dementia is believed to be the result of interactions between genetic and environmental risk factors, with the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) susceptibility gene-apolipoprotein e4 (APOE e4)- Genetic risk factors.
One copy of the gene is found in about 25% of the population, increasing the risk of dementia by at least 3-fold.
Researchers found two copies in about 2% of the population, increasing the risk by about 15 times.
APOE e4 is the single most common genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive decline behind increasing age.
The study, published in the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, used data from approximately 400,000 people from the UK biobank.
Researchers looked at a wide range of blood biomarkers in people with the APOE e4 genotype, including cholesterol, inflammatory markers, vitamin D and IGF-1 levels (insulin growth factor), sex-specific hormones, and renal function.
They found that previously suggested risk factors for low IGF-1 levels were opposite, based on studies involving people diagnosed with the disease, and that elevated IGF-1 levels were a potential risk factor. discovered.
Previous studies reported an association of APOE e4 with higher vitamin D levels, but this study found that vitamin D levels were reduced, and higher levels were associated with people at risk for Alzheimer’s disease. It has been suggested that it may protect
Dr. Donald Rial, a public health lecturer at the Institute of Health and Welfare at Glasgow University and the lead author of the study, said: “Our study confirmed that the APOE e4 genotype predicts subsequent dementia.
“But more importantly, by looking at these large sample sizes and broad biomarkers, we take a “big picture” of both diseased patients and those who are currently not demented but at increased genetic risk. Let’s look at the common biomarkers that are thought to be responsible for dementia and the role of this gene.
“Our finding that there is a relatively large association between e4 genotype, neuroinflammatory biomarkers, and elevated cholesterol levels is important for our understanding of late-onset Alzheimer’s disease, where these biological pathways are common. Is emphasized.
“These findings may suggest biomarkers for dementia, but to completely determine those at high genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease and, more generally, their role in dementia. Further research is needed.”
The study examined data from 395,769 participants of Caucasian European ancestry.
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