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WHO significantly reduces number of Ebola infections in Democratic Republic of Congo outbreak

WHO significantly reduces number of Ebola infections in Democratic Republic of Congo outbreak


pneumonia
Meredith Newlove / CDC

An analysis of 52 studies from 18 countries showed that mortality rates remain high among patients with pneumonia admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), researchers reported last week. NEJM records.

of Systematic review and meta-analysisThe study, conducted by researchers in Brazil, aimed to synthesize current evidence on mortality rates in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) admitted to the ICU.

CAP is already known to be a leading cause of ICU admission and a major cause of mortality in LMICs, despite advances in diagnosis, antibiotic therapy, and organ support. With the population aged 65 and older expected to triple in LMICs over the next few years, researchers wanted to better understand CAP outcomes.

“The convergence of an aging population and high CAP incidence is likely to increase ICU demand, strain workforce capacity, and increase the economic and social burden of the disease through prolonged disability, absenteeism, and reduced productivity,” the researchers wrote.

The pooled mortality rate is 37%.

The included studies contained data on 48,707 CAP patients (mean age 65.4 years, 60.8% male) from 18 countries. Almost half of the studies (25) were conducted in China.

The most frequent comorbidities were hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diabetes. pneumococcus It was the most commonly identified pathogen in 22 studies that included microbiological information. The researchers also noted the high prevalence of smoking in the study population.

The convergence of an aging population and high CAP incidence is likely to increase ICU demand, strain workforce capacity, and increase the economic and social burden of the disease through prolonged disability, absenteeism, and reduced productivity.

The pooled short-term (28-day and 30-day) mortality rate was 37.1%, rising to 61% for patients who required mechanical ventilation. Further analysis found that age and mechanical ventilation were the greatest predictors of mortality.

The authors state that the mortality rates observed in LMIC patients are higher than those previously reported in large multinational cohorts that include data from high-income countries.

“These differences likely reflect case mix, but also delays in care delivery, resource availability, and ICU admission,” the researchers wrote. “Such variability highlights the importance of contextualized data to inform national policy.”

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