Health
Humans have genes that re-grow their eyes – they have just switched off due to evolution — RT World News
Researchers have discovered that humans, like fish and lizard seeds, have the ability to regenerate damaged sensory organs such as the eye, but somewhere in our evolutionary journey, genes Has been “switched off”.
Because the sensory organs are so complex that a huge number of light-sensing rods and pyramidal cells supply light data to the central nervous system, eye trauma, and more specifically retinal damage, is worldwide. Is the main cause of human blindness.
Therefore, it is impossible to regenerate retinal tissue like other damaged tissue such as skin and bone.
However, species like zebrafish can regenerate this type of tissue, and humans share 70 percent of the same genes with them, including those that give them the ability to regenerate visual and sensory tissues.
According to Johns Hopkins University neuroscientist Seth Blackshaw, this ability is actually the default setting for many animals, including humans, and has just been lost at some point in the evolutionary tree. I didn’t see it coming.
“Our research as a whole shows that the potential for regeneration lies in mammals, including humans, but some evolutionary pressures have stopped it.” The black show explained.
While we humans are still in the womb, the retina forms as an extension of the outwardly growing brain and central nervous system that reaches behind our eyes.
In the retina, Muller glial cells act as eye housekeepers and guardians, purifying neurotransmitters and various debris in the eye, as well as triggering an immune response as needed.
In certain animals, such as fish and reptiles, these Muller cells also regenerate neurons that transmit the received light signal from the eye to the brain for processing.
Johns Hopkins neuroscientist Thanh Hoang and his team examined genes found in zebrafish, chick, and mouse cells and observed how they respond to three species of retinal damage.
As expected, genes provoke an immune response, clean up damaged tissue and help fight imminent infections. However, in mouse mammalian cells, the network suppresses the gene before it begins to transform into regenerative cells, similar to other non-mammalian species.
By tampering with the underlying mechanisms that govern the cells, researchers were able to induce the cells to initiate regeneration of retinal neurons in adult mice after suffering retinal damage.
Researchers believe that this loss of regenerative capacity may be an evolutionary trade-off that mammals have become better at fighting parasites at the expense of higher tissue regenerative capacity. ..
“We know that certain viruses, bacteria, and even parasites can infect the brain. Allows infected brain cells to grow and spread through the nervous system. If done, it can be disastrous. “ The black show said.
Although still far from being able to regenerate injured and complex sensory organs such as the eye, this study opens a whole new path for future research potential and at the end of the tunnel due to ongoing trauma. Induced blindness around the world that may provide some light.
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