Health
A “silent” mutation was identified that helped the prosperity of the new coronavirus
Previous studies have detected fingerprints of positive selection in genes encoding “spike” proteins scattered on the surface of the coronavirus. It plays an important role in the ability to infect new cells.
Researchers have identified some “silent” mutations in about 30,000 characters in the novel CoronavirusThe genetic code that helped prosper after the leap from bats and other wildlife to humans — and perhaps set the stage for the world Pandemic..
Subtle changes, according to researchers, included how the virus folds its RNA molecule or genetic material within human cells.
Findings published in the journal PeerJ may lead to new molecular targets for treatment or prevention COVID-19 (new coronavirus infection) (# If there is no character limit, add parentheses when it first appears.. Researchers used statistical techniques to identify adaptive changes in the human SARS-CoV-2 genome rather than the closely related coronavirus found in bats and pangolins.
“We are trying to figure out why this virus is so unique,” said Alejandro Berrio, a postdoc in the lab of biologist Gregory Ray at Duke University in the United States.
Previous studies have detected fingerprints of positive selection in genes encoding “spike” proteins scattered on the surface of the coronavirus. It plays an important role in the ability to infect new cells. New studies flag mutations that alter spike proteins, suggesting that viral strains carrying these mutations are likely to thrive.
However, with their approach, researchers have also identified additional causes that were not detected in previous studies. They found that two other regions of the SARS-CoV-2 genome, so-called silent mutations called Nsp4 and Nsp16, give the virus a biological advantage over previous strains without altering the encoding protein. I am reporting that it seems to be.
Instead of affecting proteins, Verio said it’s likely that the viral genetic material made of RNA affected the way human cells fold into 3D shapes and functions. He said it is still unclear what these changes in RNA structure did to distinguish the human SARS-CoV-2 virus from other coronaviruses.
However, they may have contributed to the ability of the virus to spread before people realize that they have it. This is a significant difference that is far more difficult to control the current situation than the 2003 SARS coronavirus outbreak.
“Nsp4 and Nsp16 are one of the first RNA molecules produced when the virus infects a new person,” says Berrio.
“Spike proteins are not expressed until late, so they appear early in the viral life cycle, which can create better therapeutic targets,” he said.
Scientists want to more accurately predict future zoonotic outbreaks by identifying the genetic alterations that have allowed the new coronavirus to reproduce in human hosts. I am. “The virus is constantly changing and evolving,” says Berrio.
“Therefore, new strains of coronavirus that can infect other animals, such as SARS-CoV-2, may emerge and spread to people. We recognize it and We need to make an effort to contain it early, “he added.
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