Health
Scientists say they may have discovered a thin gene
(CNN) -We all know the type. They eat everything they like, don’t spend time at the gym and don’t drink 1 ounce.
Now, according to a new preliminary study published Thursday in Cell magazine, scientists may have found a gene that helps these super-thin people stay very slim, a treatment for tackling obesity. May open new frontiers.
A team of international scientists said they identified a genetic variation specific to the lean individual, known as the ALK gene. The ALK gene makes a protein called anaplastic lymphoma kinase that is involved in cell growth.
They identified the mutation after examining DNA samples and clinical data from over 47,000 healthy people in Estonia between the ages of 20 and 44.
“Estonian biobanks are very unique in detail,” said Josef Penninger, professor of medical genetics and head author of the Life Sciences Institute at the University of British Columbia.
“We saw a genetic map of people with BMI [body mass index] Compared to people under the age of 18 and normal weight, [genetic variant] It correlated with being very thin. “
After that, we investigated how the ALK gene functions in mice and flies.
The study is “not definitive,” but “very interesting,” said Stephen Olahilly, a professor of clinical biochemistry and director of the metabolic disease unit at the University of Cambridge.
“Obviously there will be more interest in ALK7 inhibition as a treatment strategy for obesity,” said Olahilly, who was not involved in the study.
Thinner flies and mice
Researchers already knew that variants in the ALK gene and protein could promote the development of cancerous tumors, the study said. Mutated form Genes and proteins have been found in non-small cell lung cancer, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, neuroblastoma, and brain cancer.
This new finding suggested that different mutations in the gene might play a role in weight loss and resistance to weight gain. To test this, scientists conducted experiments in flies and mice and found that deletion of this gene diminished those flies and mouse versions.
“We were fed a McDonald’s diet (what is it). Normal mice became obese and mice without ALK remained lean,” Penninger said.
The team’s mouse study also suggested that the ALK gene directs adipose tissue to burn more fat from food.
O’Rahilly described animal testing as “well done”, but the genetic variation associated with lower body mass index in Estonia’s biobanks is “modest” and many experts in the field He said he wasn’t robust enough to admit it was “conclusive”. “
However, previous studies in a much larger population showed signals that were suggestive, but not strong, of weight in that region of the genome, suggesting that the variation was unlikely to be Estonian-specific. Said.
Penninger said gene-based therapies could help scientists fight future obesity.
“If you think about it, it’s realistic to be able to shut down ALK and reduce ALK functionality to see if it stays thin,” Penninger said.
“ALK inhibitors are already being used to treat cancer. They can be targeted. We have the potential to block ALK, and in fact we plan to do this in the future.”
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