Heart-damaging SARS-CoV-2 protein found

Researchers have discovered how specific proteins of SARS-CoV-2 damage heart tissue in laboratory models. The group then used the drug 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) to reverse the protein’s toxic effects on the heart.

The team hails from the Center for Precision Disease Modeling at the University of Maryland School of Medicine (UMSOM). Their findings, based on studies with fruit fly and mouse heart cells, communication biology, a Nature journal.

People infected with COVID-19 have a significantly higher risk of developing myocardial inflammation, arrhythmias, blood clots, stroke, heart attack, and heart failure for at least a year after infection than people who are not infected. infected with a virus. Vaccines and medicines have rapidly emerged to reduce the severity of COVID-19 disease, but these treatments cannot protect the heart and other organs from damage caused by minor infections.

“To treat patients long-term, we first need to understand the mechanisms responsible for the disease. This is similar to what has been found in other viruses such as HIV and Zika.Director of UMSOM’s Center for Precision Disease Modeling.

Last year, Han and his research team Identify the most virulent SARS-CoV-2 proteinss in studies with Drosophila and human cells. They found that the drug selinexor reduced the toxicity of one of these proteins, but not the other one, known as Nsp6.

Their latest study found Nsp6 to be the most virulent SARS-CoV-2 protein in the fly heart. Next, they determined that the Nsp6 protein initiates the glycolytic process, allowing cells to burn the sugar glucose for energy. As these cells attempt to repair damaged tissue, they switch to sugar metabolism.

The team then used the drug 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) to block sugar metabolism in fruit fly and mouse heart cells. They found that the drug reduced heart and mitochondrial damage caused by the Nsp6 viral protein.

“We know that some viruses hijack the cellular machinery of infected animals to alter their metabolism and steal their energy sources, so SARS-CoV-2 is doing the same. Viruses can also use the byproducts of sugar metabolism as building blocks to create more viruses.

“Therefore, we predict that this drug, which restores the heart’s metabolism to its pre-infection state, will adversely affect the virus by shutting off its energy supply and eliminating fragments necessary for replication.”

Fortunately, 2DG is cheap and routinely used in laboratory studies, researchers say. Although 2DG has not been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as a treatment for any disease, the drug is currently undergoing clinical trials in India as a treatment for COVID-19.

“Too many Americans who have recovered from COVID are going to have dangerous heart disease in the weeks or months to come. said Mark T. Gladwin, M.D., Ph.D., Vice President for Medical Affairs. Dean, UMSOM, Baltimore, Maryland.

“This study, which elucidates the pathway of the Nsp6 protein, could lead to improved therapeutics that could be targeted for future research, with the ultimate goal of reversing further heart damage in these patients.”

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