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Breast cancer drug found to be effective against alcohol poisoning, COVID-19

 


Key Point

  • Protease Mpro plays an important role in SARS-CoV-2 replication
  • Researchers have discovered that drugs used to treat alcoholism effectively block this protein
  • This slows or completely blocks regeneration in the body.

Disulfiram, a drug used to treat alcoholism, and neratinib, an drug for breast cancer, were found to be effective against the new coronavirus, and a new study was reported.

Researchers High School of Economics (HSE) University, Moscow, and Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry discovered this using molecular modeling, and the results were Mendeleev Communication journal.

Like many viruses, coronaviruses tend to mutate rapidly. The ideal target for potential treatment is a structural element of the pathogen that is less susceptible to mutation during its evolution. Otherwise, a valid drug candidate for one strain will not work for another. In these terms, the best candidates are conserved proteins such as the major protease Mpro of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Apart from being resistant to mutations, the protease Mpro plays an important role in coronavirus replication. This means that their inhibition can slow down or even stop playback in the body.

The researchers used molecular docking to confirm that disulfiram and neratinib were effective against SARS-CoV-2.

Disulfiram is the most commonly used drug for the treatment of chronic alcoholism. Flushing, headaches, vomiting, nausea, chest pain, weakness, blurred vision, confusion, sweating, anxiety, dyspnea, and even the very small amounts of alcohol can have unpleasant effects. The drug fights the new coronavirus in two ways:

  1. This drug is a covalent inhibitor, as demonstrated in vitro with MERS and SARS coronaviruses
  2. Combat COVID-19 symptoms such as reduced glutathione levels because antioxidant deficiency can lead to serious symptoms of the disease

Russian researchers first predicted the efficacy of the breast cancer drug neratinib, an irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor against the new coronavirus. In 2017, the US Food and Drug Administration approved the drug as an adjuvant treatment for breast cancer.

Molecular modeling has shown that both of these drugs inhibit the major coronavirus protease Mpro. Experts from Reaction Biology Corp., an accredited laboratory in the US, have demonstrated that disulfiram inhibits Mpro at concentrations of 100 nm, supporting the results of these Russian scientists.

“This finding demonstrates the importance of further development of virtual screening add-ons.

Coronavirus treatment Coronavirus treatment Photo: Ri_Ya, Pixabay

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