Health
Differences in adolescent brain structure may play a role in early onset of substance use
A National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded study of nearly 10,000 adolescents found clear differences in brain structure between those who used substances before age 15 and those who did not use drugs. It turns out that there is. Many of these structural brain differences appear to be present in childhood, before drug use, and work together with genetic, environmental, and other neurological factors to influence drug use later in life. This suggests that these differences may be involved in the risk of initiation.
This means that an individual's brain structure, along with their unique genetics, environmental exposures, and interactions between these factors, may influence their level of risk and resilience to drug use and addiction. This adds to the new evidence that sex exists. Understanding the complex interactions between factors that contribute to drug use and those that prevent drug use is critical to informing effective prevention interventions and providing support to the most vulnerable populations. It's important. ”
Nora Volkow, MD, NIDA Director
Of the 3,460 adolescents who began using drugs before age 15, most (90.2%) reported trying alcohol, with significant overlap with nicotine and cannabis use. 61.5% and 52.4% of children who initiated nicotine and cannabis, respectively, also reported starting alcohol. Material initiation was associated with a variety of structural differences throughout the brain (globally) and more locally, primarily involving the cortex, some of which were material-specific. Although these data may one day help inform clinical prevention strategies, brain structure alone cannot predict adolescent substance use and these data should not be used as a diagnostic tool. researchers emphasize.
This study JAMA network openusing data from a study of cognitive development in the adolescent brain. The ABCD study is the largest longitudinal study of brain development and health in children and adolescents in the United States, with support from the NIH's National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and nine other institutes, centers, and offices. I am receiving it.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis used data from the ABCD study to assess “baseline” MRI scans of 9,804 children across the United States taken between ages 9 and 11, and to They were followed for 3 years to determine whether certain aspects were present. Brain structural changes captured on baseline MRI were associated with earlier substance onset. They monitored the use of alcohol, nicotine, and/or cannabis, the most common substances used during early adolescence, as well as the use of other illicit substances. Researchers compared the MRIs of 3,460 participants who reported starting drug use before age 15 from 2016 to 2021 with those who did not (6,344).
They assessed both global and regional differences in brain structure, primarily examining measures such as cortical volume, thickness, brain fold depth, and surface area. The cortex is the outermost layer of the brain, densely packed with neurons and responsible for many higher-order processes, including learning, sensation, memory, language, emotion, and decision-making. Certain features and differences in these structures (measured by thickness, surface area, and volume) are associated with variations in cognitive performance and neurological status.
Researchers identified five brain structure differences at a global level between those who reported starting substance use before the age of 15 and those who did not. These included larger total brain volume and larger subcortical volume in those who showed substance onset. An additional 39 brain structural differences were found at the regional level, with approximately 56% of regional differences involving cortical thickness. Some brain structural differences also appeared to be specific to the type of substance used.
In a post hoc analysis, the researchers found that many of these brain differences still held even after excluding participants who reported initiation of drug use before baseline MRI collection. The resulting comparison was between participants who did not report initiation of drug use and a subgroup of 1,203 participants in the drug initiation group who were naive to drug use at the time of their first MRI. It was done between. The results of this secondary analysis suggest that some of these brain structural differences may have existed prior to substance use, and suggest that such differences are caused solely by exposure to the substance. This study challenges the interpretation that this is the case, and indicates that there is room for further investigation.
Some of the brain regions where differences have been identified are associated with sensation seeking and impulsivity, but researchers are still unsure how these structural differences influence differences in brain function and behavior. They point out that further research is needed to clarify this. They also emphasize that interactions between genetics, environment, brain structure, prenatal environment, and behavioral influences influence behavior.
Another recent analysis of data from the ABCD study conducted by the University of Michigan demonstrated this interaction, suggesting that functional brain connectivity patterns in early adolescence may predict substance use initiation in adolescents. , indicating that these trajectories are likely influenced by exposure to pollution.
Future research will be critical to determining how differences in early brain structure change as children age and as they continue to use substances and develop substance use disorders.
“Through the ABCD study, we have obtained a robust and large-scale database of longitudinal data that goes beyond previous neuroimaging studies to understand the bidirectional relationship between brain structure and substance use.” said Dr. Alex Miller, lead author and researcher on the study. assistant professor of psychiatry at Indiana University. “These types of studies, when combined with other data on environmental exposures and genetic risks, will change the way we think about the development of substance use disorders and provide more accurate models of addiction in the future. It is expected.”
sauce:
Reference magazines:
Miller, A.P. Others. (2024). Neuroanatomical diversity and the onset of substance use in late childhood and early adolescence. JAMA network open. doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.52027.
Sources 2/ https://www.news-medical.net/news/20241230/Structural-brain-differences-in-adolescents-may-play-a-role-in-early-initiation-of-substance-use.aspx The mention sources can contact us to remove/changing this article |
What Are The Main Benefits Of Comparing Car Insurance Quotes Online
LOS ANGELES, CA / ACCESSWIRE / June 24, 2020, / Compare-autoinsurance.Org has launched a new blog post that presents the main benefits of comparing multiple car insurance quotes. For more info and free online quotes, please visit https://compare-autoinsurance.Org/the-advantages-of-comparing-prices-with-car-insurance-quotes-online/ The modern society has numerous technological advantages. One important advantage is the speed at which information is sent and received. With the help of the internet, the shopping habits of many persons have drastically changed. The car insurance industry hasn't remained untouched by these changes. On the internet, drivers can compare insurance prices and find out which sellers have the best offers. View photos The advantages of comparing online car insurance quotes are the following: Online quotes can be obtained from anywhere and at any time. Unlike physical insurance agencies, websites don't have a specific schedule and they are available at any time. Drivers that have busy working schedules, can compare quotes from anywhere and at any time, even at midnight. Multiple choices. Almost all insurance providers, no matter if they are well-known brands or just local insurers, have an online presence. Online quotes will allow policyholders the chance to discover multiple insurance companies and check their prices. Drivers are no longer required to get quotes from just a few known insurance companies. Also, local and regional insurers can provide lower insurance rates for the same services. Accurate insurance estimates. Online quotes can only be accurate if the customers provide accurate and real info about their car models and driving history. Lying about past driving incidents can make the price estimates to be lower, but when dealing with an insurance company lying to them is useless. Usually, insurance companies will do research about a potential customer before granting him coverage. Online quotes can be sorted easily. Although drivers are recommended to not choose a policy just based on its price, drivers can easily sort quotes by insurance price. Using brokerage websites will allow drivers to get quotes from multiple insurers, thus making the comparison faster and easier. For additional info, money-saving tips, and free car insurance quotes, visit https://compare-autoinsurance.Org/ Compare-autoinsurance.Org is an online provider of life, home, health, and auto insurance quotes. This website is unique because it does not simply stick to one kind of insurance provider, but brings the clients the best deals from many different online insurance carriers. In this way, clients have access to offers from multiple carriers all in one place: this website. On this site, customers have access to quotes for insurance plans from various agencies, such as local or nationwide agencies, brand names insurance companies, etc. "Online quotes can easily help drivers obtain better car insurance deals. All they have to do is to complete an online form with accurate and real info, then compare prices", said Russell Rabichev, Marketing Director of Internet Marketing Company. CONTACT: Company Name: Internet Marketing CompanyPerson for contact Name: Gurgu CPhone Number: (818) 359-3898Email: [email protected]: https://compare-autoinsurance.Org/ SOURCE: Compare-autoinsurance.Org View source version on accesswire.Com:https://www.Accesswire.Com/595055/What-Are-The-Main-Benefits-Of-Comparing-Car-Insurance-Quotes-Online View photos
to request, modification Contact us at Here or [email protected]