Health
Scientists develop injectable HIV drug with fewer side effects: Tribune India
New York
Researchers have developed new injectable drugs that prevent HIV from entering cells.
Tested in non-human primates, this drug may eventually replace or supplement the components of the concomitant drug “cocktail” therapy currently used to prevent or treat the virus.
“This is an exciting new HIV treatment option for both prevention and treatment, with a unique mechanism of action compared to other approved drugs,” said Michael S., author of the University of Utah. Kay said.
“It has great potential to help patients suffering from drug resistance as well as those who would benefit from long-acting injectable anti-HIV drug cocktails,” Kay added.
In this new study, published in the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) journal Proceedings, researchers have identified a unique drug called CPT31 based on a D peptide that targets a critical pocket of the HIV fusion mechanism, which rarely mutates. Tested
D-peptides are mirror images of naturally occurring peptides.
“To imagine that, think of your right and left hands. The building blocks and overall structure of natural peptides are similar to our left and right hands of D peptides,” the researchers say. ..
Therefore, CPT31 and other D peptides are not broken down in the body. Therefore, they last much longer than natural peptides and are particularly suitable for long-acting injectable formulations.
To see if CPT31 could prevent HIV infection, the research team first injected a drug into healthy monkeys a few days before being exposed to a hybrid HIV-human monkey called SHIV.
Monkeys were completely protected from this very high exposure to SHIV, much higher than would normally be encountered by humans, and never showed signs of infection.
The scientists then identified the minimum dose of CPT31 needed to give full protection. This information helps inform clinical trials.
“Because the first exposure to HIV usually involves a relatively small amount of the virus, we believe that this drug can be used alone to prevent HIV infection.”
This study showed that the majority of circulating HIV strains from around the world were strongly blocked by CPT31.
“But what about late stages of the disease if billions of copies of the virus circulate in the body?” the team asked.
To find out, researchers gave CPT31 to untreated SHIV infections and high viral load monkeys. Over 30 days, the drug significantly reduced the presence of SHIV in the bloodstream.
In this study, CPT31 itself effectively maintained the virus at undetectable levels for several months (until drug administration was discontinued).
“The next human trials scheduled for later this year will help determine if CPT31 is safe and effective for humans,” the team said.
-IANS
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