It turns out that monkeypox is evolving faster than expected

A team of researchers at the Portuguese National Institute of Health, Doutor Ricardo Jorge, also worked with colleagues at the University of Luzophona in Portugal to discover that the monkeypox virus is evolving faster than expected.In their paper published in the journal Nature medicineResearchers describe genetic studies of viruses collected from 15 samples.

Monkeypox is a double-stranded DNA virus of the same genus as smallpox and mainly infects people in Africa. Scientists have known its existence since the 1950s. Despite its name, the virus is more commonly found in rodents than in monkeys. According to previous studies, there are two main types of monkeypox, West Africa and the Congo Basin. The former is less deadly and is a clade that has infected thousands of people outside Africa. Previous studies have shown that viruses such as monkeypox usually mutate only once or twice a particular year.

In this new initiative, researchers collect samples from 15 patients and use them. Genetic analysis To find out more about how rapidly the virus is evolving. They found that the virus was mutating 6 to 12 times more than expected. Researchers suggest that the rapid acceleration of mutation rates in the virus may be a sign that the virus has developed new ways to infect humans. Currently due to close contact with open lesions, body fluids, or air droplets.

In studying mutations, researchers found signs suggesting that some of the mutations may have been due to exposure to. Human immune systemEspecially a type of enzyme called APOBEC3 — kills the virus by inducing mistakes during copying Genetic code..If some of the viruses survived such attacks and transmitted their genes, they would have given Future generation A foot that opposes the human immune system. And that can explain why the virus is mutating faster than expected. Researchers also note that the virus may be circulating at low levels in the human community or spread to animals in other countries. They also state that the accelerated evolution may be a response to the crackdown that followed during the 2017 monkeypox outbreak.

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What do you need to know about monkeypox?

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For more information:
Joana Isidro et al, Phylogenetic features and signs of microevolution in the 2022 multilateral outbreak of monkeypox virus, Nature medicine (2022). DOI: 10.1038 / s41591-022-01907-y

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