Health
The body may have two waves of antibody response to the coronavirus
British researchers recently Largest antibody research It states that immunity weakens over time. Meanwhile, researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York have reported that natural coronavirus immunity can last for at least five months, and perhaps even longer.
The study was published in the journal Science, Explains a strong antibody response to the virus for several months. Professor Florian Krammer concluded that some studies would soon run out of antibodies, but said his team found the opposite.
Between March and October, researchers screened 72,401 volunteers and 30,082 participants tested positive for detectable antibodies. They used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure antibodies.
Stable antibody reaction
“More than 90% of people with mild or moderate illness have an antibody response that is strong enough to neutralize the virus, and that response is maintained for months,” Kramer said. These results are necessary for vaccine developers to understand. At this time, some pharmaceutical companies claim that vaccine candidates can provide immunity for up to a year.
Without objecting to the study at Imperial College London, American researchers explained that measurements showing weakened immunity months after infection could only be the first wave. Shortly thereafter, there is a second wave of immune system defense that produces a stable antibody response to the coronavirus.
Over 90% of the volunteers screened had moderate to high levels (also called titers) of antibodies to the viral spike protein. The researchers then studied antibodies in 121 patients who recovered and donated plasma months after the initial symptoms.
Dr. Ania Wazimberg said, “The serum antibody titer we first measured in individuals is a cell that acts as the first responder to the invading virus and produces the first seizure of the antibody, which quickly diminishes in intensity. It is likely that it was produced by blast cells. ” Stable antibody levels Plasma cells From the bone marrow, just as the body reacts to other viruses.
Read again: Antibody research provides insight into immunity to coronavirus
Permanent immunity
Antibodies are the first line of defense of the immune system against infection, but researchers remain uncertain about the possibility of reinfection. However, a stable antibody response reduces the chance of reinfection.
For now, cases of reinfection remain rare. Pharmaceutical companies around the world are still conducting clinical trials to develop vaccines with long-term immunity and, if possible, permanent immunity.
The best scenario for a coronavirus vaccine is to give one or two doses of lifelong immunity, such as measles or hepatitis B vaccine. However, respiratory viruses are more complex, such as seasonal flu.
Wajnberg’s team writes that based on the human coronavirus, which causes the production of neutralizing antibodies, the antibodies provided protection for several years and prevented reinfection. So far, there is not enough evidence that the antibody can protect the body from Covid-19 reinfection, or the duration of immunity.
It is important to carry out established research Correlation of protection Or a compound from blood that shows immunity. In addition to a better understanding of antibodies associated with spike proteins, the authors conclude that protection correlations will help develop effective vaccines.
Read again: Mass Biologics Discovers Antibodies That Can Fight Coronavirus
Check out more news and information about antibody Science Times.
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