Will Indonesian Prabowo revive the spirit of Bandung?

General Prabowo Subianto, who became Indonesia's president after five years as defense minister, is expected to bring a change in the way the country defines and implements its foreign and defense policy. Among his many foreign visits, those to Russia and China attracted the most attention. Regarding the crises in Ukraine and West Asia, its criticism of the West for its double standards and its strong sympathy towards the people of Gaza have certainly highlighted how Indonesia views conflicts.

Prabowo has shown that he will be an active president when it comes to foreign and strategic policy, unlike Joko Widodo, who was a small-town politician more interested in domestic politics. He focused on continuity by choosing many ministers from Widodo's cabinet. But at the same time, the Minister of Foreign Affairs was not part of it. The appointment of the younger Sugiono as foreign minister indicates that the president will dominate Indonesia's foreign and strategic policy.

He is likely to view the upcoming Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (Apec) summit in Peru and the G20 summit in Brazil as important opportunities to show his foreign policy direction. Among the P5, Prabowo met with the leaders of all but the United States and the United Kingdom. Among the Quad members, he has already visited Japan and Australia. A meeting with Prime Minister Narendra Modi is planned, as well as a meeting with US leaders.

Some aspects of Indonesian foreign policy that Prabowo will not change are his commitment to Palestine and his aversion to engaging with Israel, rallying members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (Asean) and to actively participate in the Organization of Islamic Cooperation and the Non-Aligned Movement. .

He never liked China and, even as defense minister, wanted diversification away from the superpower in defense procurement. However, he is unlikely to disrupt Widodos' policy of economic engagement with China, particularly under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), intended to serve Indonesia's faltering economy. . That said, attempts to diversify economic partnerships will also be implemented, given that China remains Asean's predominant partner, something Prabowo cannot change. He is unlikely to move the needle on the Code of Conduct for the South China Sea, hoping that China would not provoke Indonesia in the Natuna Sea, even if the Indonesian navy is now more resilient to Chinese intrusions.

Under Prabowo, Indonesia will certainly seek greater acceptance and a broader role. One of them is an association with Brics. Indonesia would have been welcomed into the BRICS when they expand in 2023, but Widodo hesitated, pleading the need for consultation with ASEAN. Meanwhile, other ASEAN countries have submitted their request without reaching such a consensus. As soon as Prabowo's role became clear, Indonesia managed to secure a partnership with the Brics in Kazan in October.

At the same time, Indonesia is a candidate for membership in the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in its quest for middle power status. This requires support from the West, with which Indonesia's emerging politics are not in sync. However, the OECD also wants to distance Indonesia from China.

The big question is: Will Prabowo revive the spirit of Bandung? The coming year marks the 70th anniversary of the Bandung Afro-Asian Conference. Indonesia may consider enticing India, South Africa and others to maintain its credentials in the Global South, which have been somewhat muted of late.

Gurjit Singh is a former Indian Ambassador to the African Union and Honorary Professor at IIT Indore. Opinions are personal

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