Health
Groundbreaking discoveries could lead to a new class of antibiotics
Finally, it was nearly 30 years ago that a new class of antibiotics reached the market, but it could quickly change thanks to discoveries by researchers at McMaster University.
A team led by well-known researcher Jerry Wright has identified strong candidates who will challenge even the most drug-resistant bacteria on the planet: a new molecule called lariosidine. The findings were published in the journal Nature March 26th, 2025.
The discovery of an entirely new class of antibiotics will respond to the important needs of new antibiotics as bacteria and other microorganisms evolve new ways to withstand existing drugs. According to the World Health Organization, this phenomenon is called antibiotic resistance – or AMR, and is one of the global public health threats.
“Our old drugs are becoming increasingly less effective as bacteria become more resistant to them,” explains Jerry Wright, McMaster's professor in the Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and a researcher at the university's Michael G. DeGroute Institute. “Around 4.5 million people die each year from antibiotic-resistant infections, which only makes it worse.”
Wright and his team discovered that new molecules, which are lassopeptides, have high hopes as early drug lead, as they attack bacteria in a different way than other antibiotics. Lariosidin directly binds to the bacterial protein synthesis machinery in an entirely new way, inhibiting its ability to grow and survive.
This is a new molecule with a new mode of action. It's a huge leap for us. ”
Jerry Wright, Professor at McMaster's Faculty of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences
Lariosidine is produced by a type of bacteria called penibacillus, which researchers retrieved from soil samples collected from Hamilton's backyard.
The researchers allowed soil bacteria to grow in the lab for about a year. This is a useful way to reveal slow-growing species that would otherwise have been overlooked. One of these bacteria, Paenibacillus, was producing new substances with strong activity against other bacteria, including those normally resistant to antibiotics.
“It was a groundbreaking moment when we realized how this new molecule would kill other bacteria,” says Manoji Jangla, a postdoctoral researcher at Wright's lab.
In addition to its unique mode of action and its activity against other drug-resistant bacteria, researchers are optimistic about lariosidin.
Box: It is not toxic to human cells and is not susceptible to existing mechanisms Antibiotic resistanceit also works well in animal models of infection.
Wright and his team are now focusing on lasers on finding ways to modify molecules and generate them in enough quantities to allow for clinical development. Wright says that this new molecule is produced by bacteria and “bacteria are not interested in creating new drugs for us.”
“The first discovery – the big a -ha! moment – was amazing to us, but now we have a real, hard work going on,” Wright says. “We're currently working on tearing this molecule apart, bringing it back together and making it a better drug candidate.”
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Journal Reference:
Jangra, M. et al. (2025). A wide range of lassopeptide antibiotics targeting bacterial ribosomes. Nature. doi.org/10.1038/S41586-025-08723-7.
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