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A breakthrough for the diarrhea virus opens up for new vaccines

 


“The results of this study give us a better understanding of how the virus passes through the gastric and intestinal systems. Through ongoing research, we have created a vaccine that uses this property to ride a’freeride’and Instead, you can determine if it can be given in an edible form. As a syringe, “said Lars Anders Karlsson, a researcher at Umeå University.

The virus studied by the researchers is the so-called intestinal adenovirus. Recently, intestinal adenovirus has been found to be one of the most important causes of diarrhea in infants, and it is estimated that more than 50,000 children under the age of 5 die each year, mainly in developing countries. I will.

Most adenoviruses are respiratory. That is, it causes respiratory illness, but lesser-known intestinal variants of adenovirus cause gastrointestinal illness instead. Therefore, the intestinal adenovirus must be equipped to pass through the acidic environment of the stomach without being degraded. That way, you can infect your intestines.

With the help of advanced cryo-electron microscopy available in Umeo, researchers were now able to take very detailed images of the intestinal adenovirus, so three-dimensional showing what the virus looks like. Atomic level where the puzzle could be placed. Viruses are one of the most complex biological structures studied at this level. The shell, which protects the virus’ genome as it spreads among humans, is composed of 2,000 protein molecules with a total of 6 million atoms.

Researchers have been able to confirm that intestinal adenovirus is controlled so that it basically does not alter its structure at the low pH values ​​found in the stomach. They also see new clues about how a particular protein changes in the shell of the virus compared to respiratory adenovirus, and how the virus packs its genome into the shell. Is done. Overall, it gives us a better understanding of how the virus can proceed to produce illness and death.

“I hope this unpleasant virus will be able to change the ability to reach what is probably even COVID-19 usable as a tool for combating disease. This is the right direction. It’s a step towards, but it’s still a long way to go, “says Lars-Anders Carlson.

Some of the new vaccines tested against COVID-19 are based on genetically modified adenovirus. Today, these adenovirus-based vaccines need to be injected to function in the body. If instead the vaccine can be based on intestinal adenovirus, the vaccine may be given in edible form. Of course, this will facilitate large-scale vaccinations.

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